Maggio Maria Grazia, Russo Margherita, Cuzzola Marilena Foti, Destro Massimo, La Rosa Gianluca, Molonia Francesco, Bramanti Placido, Lombardo Giuseppe, De Luca Rosaria, Calabrò Rocco Salvatore
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy.
U.O.C. Neurologia GOM Melacrino-Morelli-Bianchi, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
J Clin Neurosci. 2019 Jul;65:106-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.03.017. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating neurodegenerative disease with lesions involving the central nervous system. Clinical symptoms consist of disturbances in motor activity (e.g., weakness, spasticity, and tremor), sensory functioning (e.g., pain), visual functions (e.g., diplopia and optic neuritis), besides different cognitive (attention deficit and executive dysfunction) and behavioral abnormalities. This review aims to evaluate the role of VR tools in cognitive and motor rehabilitation of MS patients. Studies performed between 2010 and 2017 and fulfilling the selected criteria were searched on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Sciences databases, by combining the terms "VR rehabilitation" and "MS". Our findings showed that, following the use of VR training, MS patients presented a significant improvement in motor (especially gait and balance) and cognitive function (with regard to executive and visual-spatial abilities, attention and memory skills). This review supports the idea that rehabilitation through new VR tools could positively affect MS patients' outcomes, by boosting motivation and participation with a better response to treatment.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种脱髓鞘性神经退行性疾病，其病变累及中枢神经系统。临床症状包括运动活动障碍（如虚弱、痉挛和震颤）、感觉功能障碍（如疼痛）、视觉功能障碍（如复视和视神经炎），此外还有不同的认知（注意力缺陷和执行功能障碍）和行为异常。本综述旨在评估虚拟现实（VR）工具在MS患者认知和运动康复中的作用。通过在PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane和科学网数据库中组合“VR康复”和“MS”这两个术语，检索了2010年至2017年间进行的、符合选定标准的研究。我们的研究结果表明，在使用VR训练后，MS患者在运动（尤其是步态和平衡）和认知功能（在执行和视觉空间能力、注意力和记忆技能方面）有显著改善。本综述支持这样一种观点，即通过新的VR工具进行康复可以通过提高动机和参与度以及对治疗的更好反应，对MS患者的治疗结果产生积极影响。
