Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-2119, United States.
Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-2119, United States.
Food Chem. 2019 Aug 1;288:178-186. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.120. Epub 2019 Mar 2.
The current study was designed to characterize the metabolite profile and bioactivity of two commercial bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linn.) genotypes. UPLC-high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was used to identify 15 phenolic and 46 triterpenoids in various bitter melon extracts. Total phenolic levels were the highest (57.28 ± 1.02) in methanolic extract of the inner tissue of Indian Green cultivar, which also correlated to the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (30.48 ± 2.49 ascorbic acid equivalents (mg of AAE)/g of FD). In addition, highest levels of total saponins were observed in chloroform extract of the Chinese bitter melon pericarp (75.73 mg ± 4.67 diosgenin equivalents (DE)/g of FD). Differential inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity was observed in response to polarity of extract, cultivar and tissue type. These results suggest that consumption of whole bitter melon may have potential health benefits to manage diabetes.
本研究旨在描述两种商业苦瓜（Momordica charantia Linn.）品种的代谢物特征和生物活性。采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱（UPLC-HRMS）鉴定了各种苦瓜提取物中的 15 种酚类和 46 种三萜类化合物。印度绿品种的内组织甲醇提取物中的总酚含量最高（57.28±1.02），与 DPPH 自由基清除活性（30.48±2.49 抗坏血酸当量（mg AAE/g FD））相关性最高。此外，在中国苦瓜果皮的氯仿提取物中观察到总皂苷含量最高（75.73±4.67 薯蓣皂苷元当量（DE）/g FD）。根据提取物的极性、品种和组织类型，观察到对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用存在差异。这些结果表明，食用整个苦瓜可能对控制糖尿病有潜在的健康益处。
