Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72704, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Apr 14;58(7):4428-33. doi: 10.1021/jf9029578.
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is an exotic vegetable used for consumption and medicinal purposes mainly throughout Asia. Phenolics were extracted from pericarp (fleshy portion) and seeds of bitter melons harvested at three maturation stages (immature, mature, and ripe) using ethanol and water solvent systems. Total phenolic assessment demonstrated 80% of ethanol to be the optimal solvent level to extract phenolics either from pericarp or seed. Main phenolic constituents in the extracts were catechin, gallic acid, gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, and epicatechin. Free radical scavenging assay using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) demonstrated the bitter melon extracts as slow rate free radical scavenging agents. There were low correlations between the total phenolic contents and antiradical power values of the extracts, suggesting a possible interaction among the phenolic constituents occurred. Bitter melon phenolic extracts contain natural antioxidant substances, and could be used as antioxidant agents in suitable food products.
苦瓜（Momordica charantia）是一种主要在亚洲地区被用作食用和药用的外来蔬菜。酚类物质是从三个成熟阶段（未成熟、成熟和成熟）收获的苦瓜果皮（肉质部分）和种子中用乙醇和水溶剂系统提取的。总酚评估表明，80%的乙醇是从果皮或种子中提取酚类物质的最佳溶剂水平。提取物中的主要酚类成分是儿茶素、没食子酸、龙胆酸、绿原酸和表儿茶素。使用 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）的自由基清除试验表明，苦瓜提取物是缓慢的自由基清除剂。提取物的总酚含量和抗自由基能力值之间相关性较低，表明酚类成分之间可能发生相互作用。苦瓜酚类提取物含有天然抗氧化物质，可在合适的食品中用作抗氧化剂。
