Kumar Manoj, Dahuja Anil, Sachdev Archana, Kaur Charanjit, Varghese Eldho, Saha Supradip, Sairam K V S S
1Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019 India.
2Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India.
J Food Sci Technol. 2019 Feb;56(2):995-1007. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-03566-9. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
The present study compares three methods viz. microwave assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and conventional solvent extraction (CSE) for extraction of phenolic compounds from black carrot pomace (BCP). BCP is the major by-product generated during processing and poses big disposal problem. Box-Behnken design using response surface methodology was employed to investigate and optimize the MAE of phenolics, antioxidant activity and colour density from BCP. The conditions for maximum recovery of polyphenolics were: microwave power (348.07 W), extraction time (9.8 min), solvent-solid ratio (19.3 mL/g) and ethanol concentration (19.8%). Under these conditions, the extract contained total phenolic content of 264.9 ± 10.02 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 mL, antioxidant capacity (AOC) of 13.14 ± 1.05 µmol Trolox equivalents (TE)/mL and colour density of 68.63 ± 5.40 units. The total anthocyanin content at optimized condition was 753.40 ± 31.6 mg/L with low % polymeric colour of 7.40 ± 0.42. At optimized conditions, MAE yielded higher colour density (68.63 ± 5.40), polyphenolic content (264.9 ± 10.025 mg GAE/100 mL) and AOC (13.14 ± 1.05 µmol TE/mL) in a short time as compared to UAE and CSE. Overall results clearly indicate that MAE is the best suited method for extraction in comparison to UAE and CSE. The phenolic rich extract can be used as an effective functional ingredient in foods.
本研究比较了三种从黑胡萝卜渣（BCP）中提取酚类化合物的方法，即微波辅助萃取（MAE）、超声辅助萃取（UAE）和传统溶剂萃取（CSE）。BCP是加工过程中产生的主要副产品，带来了较大的处置问题。采用响应面法的Box-Behnken设计来研究和优化从BCP中提取酚类物质、抗氧化活性和颜色密度的微波辅助萃取工艺。多酚最大回收率的条件为：微波功率（348.07W）、萃取时间（9.8分钟）、溶剂与固体比例（19.3mL/g）和乙醇浓度（19.8%）。在这些条件下，提取物中总酚含量为264.9±10.02mg没食子酸当量（GAE）/100mL，抗氧化能力（AOC）为13.14±1.05μmol Trolox当量（TE）/mL，颜色密度为68.63±5.40单位。优化条件下总花青素含量为753.40±31.6mg/L，低聚物颜色百分比为7.40±0.42。在优化条件下，与UAE和CSE相比，MAE在短时间内产生了更高的颜色密度（68.63±5.40）、多酚含量（264.9±10.025mg GAE/100mL）和AOC（13.14±1.05μmol TE/mL）。总体结果清楚地表明，与UAE和CSE相比，MAE是最适合提取的方法。富含酚类的提取物可作为食品中的有效功能成分。
