Alonso-Matias L, Reyes-Zamorano E, Gonzalez-Olvera J J
Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, 14370 Mexico DF, Mexico.
Universidad Anahuac Mexico Sur, Mexico DF, Mexico.
Rev Neurol. 2019 Apr 1;68(7):271-280. doi: 10.33588/rn.6807.2018119.
Cognitive effects caused by cocaine and crack consumption, especially deficits in executive functions may increase the likelihood of drug-seeking behaviour and interfere with the ability of users to assimilate and participate in rehabilitation programs.
To determine in early abstinence the state of executive functions, the impulsiveness and craving in cocaine and crack consumers.
This cross-sectional study functions, with a sample of 60 male aged between 31.38 ± 7.26 years old, distributed in three groups: inhaled cocaine users (CDP-I; n = 15), with 23.13 ± 7.2 age of onset of consumption; crack cocaine users (CDP-C; n = 26), with 20.81 ± 4.21 age of onset of consumption, and a control groups of no-addiction individuals (n = 19). Sociodemographic, clinical and cognitive assessments were applied.
The data showed that significant differences in socioeconomic level score and impulsiveness. Consumer groups have with lower scores with respect the control group. CDP-C group showed poor performances compared to the CDP-I and control groups, in the Berg Test, Tower of London, numbers in the direct order and subtraction. CDP-I group showed less score in planning compare with the other two groups.
In early abstinence crack users manifest a greater number of deficits, mainly in working memory, planning and cognitive flexibility.
可卡因和快克可卡因的使用所导致的认知影响，尤其是执行功能缺陷，可能会增加寻求毒品行为的可能性，并干扰使用者吸收和参与康复项目的能力。
确定可卡因和快克可卡因使用者在早期戒毒时的执行功能状态、冲动性和渴望程度。
本横断面研究选取了60名年龄在31.38±7.26岁之间的男性作为样本，分为三组：吸入可卡因使用者（CDP-I组；n = 15），开始使用的年龄为23.13±7.2岁；快克可卡因使用者（CDP-C组；n = 26），开始使用的年龄为20.81±4.21岁，以及一个无成瘾个体的对照组（n = 19）。进行了社会人口统计学、临床和认知评估。
数据显示，社会经济水平得分和冲动性存在显著差异。与对照组相比，消费组得分较低。在伯格测试、伦敦塔测试、顺背数字和减法测试中，CDP-C组与CDP-I组和对照组相比表现较差。与其他两组相比，CDP-I组在计划方面得分较低。
在早期戒毒时，快克可卡因使用者表现出更多的缺陷，主要集中在工作记忆、计划和认知灵活性方面。
