Di Sclafani Victoria, Tolou-Shams Marina, Price Leonard J, Fein George
Neurobehavioral Research Inc., 201 Tamal Vista Boulevard, Corte Madera, CA 94925, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002 Apr 1;66(2):161-71. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00197-1.
Little data exist on the neuropsychological effects of crack-cocaine dependence or crack-cocaine and alcohol dependence. This study examined cognitive function in abstinent crack dependent and crack and alcohol dependent individuals at 6 weeks and 6 months abstinence.
a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, including the MicroCog computerized assessment, was administered to 20 abstinent crack dependent subjects, 37 abstinent crack and alcohol dependent subjects, and 29 normal controls. Depression was examined as a covariate, and the association between substance use variables and neuropsychological performance was examined.
the two substance dependent groups had similar neuropsychological profiles at 6 weeks abstinent, with both groups exhibiting significant cognitive impairment in a wide range of functions compared to controls. The substance dependent groups were still impaired significantly at 6 months of abstinence. Only mild effects of depression on neuropsychological performance were observed.
crack dependence and crack and alcohol dependence may lead to severe and persistent neuropsychological deficits over a wide range of domains. The strongest predictor of brain damage associated with substance dependence in this sample was dose (particularly quantity and duration of peak dose).
关于快克可卡因依赖或快克可卡因与酒精依赖的神经心理学影响的数据很少。本研究调查了戒断6周和6个月时，戒除快克可卡因依赖者以及戒除快克可卡因和酒精依赖者的认知功能。
对20名戒除快克可卡因依赖的受试者、37名戒除快克可卡因和酒精依赖的受试者以及29名正常对照者进行了全面的神经心理学测试，包括MicroCog计算机化评估。将抑郁作为协变量进行检查，并研究物质使用变量与神经心理学表现之间的关联。
在戒断6周时，两个物质依赖组的神经心理学特征相似，与对照组相比，两组在广泛的功能方面均表现出明显的认知障碍。在戒断6个月时，物质依赖组仍有明显的损害。仅观察到抑郁对神经心理学表现有轻微影响。
快克可卡因依赖以及快克可卡因与酒精依赖可能会在广泛领域导致严重且持续的神经心理学缺陷。在该样本中，与物质依赖相关的脑损伤的最强预测因素是剂量（特别是峰值剂量的数量和持续时间）。
