Department of Food Science and Technology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran.
Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran.
J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Aug 15;99(10):4695-4701. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9710. Epub 2019 May 7.
Wheat grains are susceptible to infection by various toxigenic fungal species that produce toxic metabolites called mycotoxins. This makes wheat one of the most important daily dietary sources of mycotoxins for consumers. As germination is popularly used to improve the nutritional quality of grains, the present study was carried out to understand its effect on the toxin content of wheat seeds. For this purpose, wheat grains were spiked with ochratoxin A (OTA; 5 μg kg ), aflatoxins B2 and G2 (5 μg kg ), zearalenone (ZEA; 20 μg kg ), aflatoxins B1 and G1 (20 μg kg ) and deoxynivalenol (DON; 50 μg kg ) in separate experiments. Thereafter, the grains were germinated and analyzed for toxin content during 14 days of germination using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
ZEA content did not change significantly until 14 days. The maximum reductions of DON, OTA and aflatoxins at days 10-14 of germination were 39, 38, 41 (B1), 60 (B2), 33 (G1) and 62% (G2) respectively. A 63% reduction of phytic acid at 14 days was observed, according to Fe bioavailability. For all toxins (except ZEA), there were no significant differences in reduction after day 10.
Germination for 10 days might be sufficient to achieve an appropriate decrease in toxin content. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
小麦谷物容易受到各种产毒真菌物种的感染，这些真菌会产生有毒的代谢物，称为霉菌毒素。这使得小麦成为消费者摄入霉菌毒素的最重要的日常饮食来源之一。由于发芽通常用于提高谷物的营养价值，因此进行了本研究以了解其对小麦种子毒素含量的影响。为此，在单独的实验中，将赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA；5μg/kg）、黄曲霉毒素 B2 和 G2（5μg/kg）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA；20μg/kg）、黄曲霉毒素 B1 和 G1（20μg/kg）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON；50μg/kg）添加到小麦谷物中。此后，使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）在发芽的 14 天内分析谷物的毒素含量。
ZEA 含量直到 14 天没有明显变化。发芽第 10-14 天 DON、OTA 和黄曲霉毒素的最大减少率分别为 39%、38%、41%（B1）、60%（B2）、33%（G1）和 62%（G2）。据 Fe 生物利用度观察，在 14 天内，植酸减少了 63%。对于所有毒素（除 ZEA 外），在第 10 天后没有明显的减少差异。
发芽 10 天可能足以适当降低毒素含量。© 2019 化学工业协会。
