Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, 24951 North Circle Drive, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Mar 23;11(3):691. doi: 10.3390/nu11030691.
Avocados contain nutrients and bioactive compounds that may help reduce the risk of becoming overweight/obese. We prospectively examined the effect of habitual avocado intake on changes in weight and body mass index (BMI). In the Adventist Health Study (AHS-2), a longitudinal cohort (~55,407; mean age ~56 years; U.S. and Canada), avocado intake (standard serving size 32 g/day) was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Self-reported height and weight were collected at baseline. Self-reported follow-up weight was collected with follow-up questionnaires between four and 11 years after baseline. Using the generalized least squares (GLS) approach, we analyzed repeated measures of weight in relation to avocado intake. Marginal logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds of becoming overweight/obese, comparing low (>0 to <32 g/day) and high (≥32 g/day) avocado intake to non-consumers (reference). Avocado consumers who were normal weight at baseline, gained significantly less weight than non-consumers. The odds (OR (95% CI)) of becoming overweight/obese between baseline and follow-up was 0.93 (0.85, 1.01), and 0.85 (0.60, 1.19) for low and high avocado consumers, respectively. Habitual consumption of avocados may reduce adult weight gain, but odds of overweight/obesity are attenuated by differences in initial BMI values.
鳄梨含有营养成分和生物活性化合物，可能有助于降低超重/肥胖的风险。我们前瞻性地研究了习惯性摄入鳄梨对体重和体重指数（BMI）变化的影响。在 Adventist Health Study（AHS-2）中，这是一项纵向队列研究（~55,407 人；平均年龄约 56 岁；美国和加拿大），通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估鳄梨摄入量（标准食用份量为 32 克/天）。在基线时收集自我报告的身高和体重。在基线后 4 至 11 年之间通过随访问卷收集自我报告的随访体重。使用广义最小二乘法（GLS）方法，我们分析了与鳄梨摄入量相关的体重重复测量值。使用边际逻辑回归分析来计算超重/肥胖的几率，将低（>0 至 <32 克/天）和高（≥32 克/天）鳄梨摄入量与非消费者（参考）进行比较。基线时体重正常的鳄梨消费者体重增加明显少于非消费者。与基线到随访期间相比，超重/肥胖的几率（OR（95%CI））分别为 0.93（0.85，1.01）和 0.85（0.60，1.19），分别为低和高鳄梨消费者。习惯性食用鳄梨可能会减少成年人的体重增加，但超重/肥胖的几率因初始 BMI 值的差异而减弱。
