Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba, Cidade Industrial de Curitiba, Brazil
Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia da Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
mSphere. 2019 Mar 27;4(2):e00176-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00176-19.
Eukaryotic cells, including fungi, release extracellular vesicles (EVs). These lipid bilayered compartments play essential roles in cellular communication and pathogenesis. EV composition is complex and includes proteins, glycans, pigments, and RNA. RNAs with putative roles in pathogenesis have been described in EVs produced by fungi. Here we describe the RNA content in EVs produced by the G186AR and G217B strains of , an important human-pathogenic fungal pathogen. A total of 124 mRNAs were identified in both strains. In this set of RNA classes, 93 transcripts were enriched in EVs from the G217B strain, whereas 31 were enriched in EVs produced by the G186AR strain. This result suggests that there are important strain-specific properties in the mRNA composition of fungal EVs. We also identified short fragments (25 to 40 nucleotides in length) that were strain specific, with a greater number identified in EVs produced by the G217B strain. Remarkably, the most highly enriched processes were stress responses and translation. Half of these fragments aligned to the reverse strand of the transcript, suggesting the occurrence of microRNA (miRNA)-like molecules in fungal EVs. We also compared the transcriptome profiles of with the RNA composition of EVs, and no correlation was observed. Taking the results together, our study provided information about the RNA molecules present in EVs and about the differences in composition between the strains. In addition, we found no correlation between the most highly expressed transcripts in the cell and their presence in the EVs, reinforcing the idea that the RNAs were directed to the EVs by a regulated mechanism. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in cellular communication and pathogenesis. The RNA molecules in EVs have been implicated in a variety of processes. EV-associated RNA classes have recently been described in pathogenic fungi; however, only a few reports of studies describing the RNAs in fungal EVs are available. Improved knowledge of EV-associated RNA will contribute to the understanding of their role during infection. In this study, we described the RNA content in EVs produced by two isolates of Our results add this important pathogen to the current short list of fungal species with the ability to use EVs for the extracellular release of RNA.
真核细胞，包括真菌，会释放细胞外囊泡（EVs）。这些双层脂囊泡在细胞通讯和发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。EV 的组成非常复杂，包括蛋白质、聚糖、色素和 RNA。在真菌产生的 EV 中已经描述了具有潜在发病作用的 RNA。在这里，我们描述了 两个重要的人类致病真菌病原体 G186AR 和 G217B 株产生的 EV 中的 RNA 含量。在这两个菌株中总共鉴定出 124 个 mRNAs。在这组 RNA 中，93 个转录本在 G217B 菌株的 EV 中富集，而 31 个转录本在 G186AR 菌株的 EV 中富集。这一结果表明，真菌 EV 的 mRNA 组成存在重要的菌株特异性。我们还鉴定了短片段（长度为 25 至 40 个核苷酸），它们在菌株中是特异的，其中在 G217B 菌株产生的 EV 中鉴定出的数量更多。值得注意的是，最富集的过程是应激反应和翻译。这些片段中有一半与转录本的反向链对齐，表明真菌 EV 中存在 microRNA（miRNA）样分子。我们还比较了 和 EVs 中 RNA 组成的转录组谱，没有观察到相关性。综合来看，我们的研究提供了有关 EVs 中存在的 RNA 分子以及菌株之间组成差异的信息。此外，我们没有发现细胞中表达最高的转录本与其在 EVs 中的存在之间存在相关性，这进一步证实了这些 RNA 是通过一种受调控的机制被导向 EVs 的。细胞外囊泡（EVs）在细胞通讯和发病机制中起着重要作用。EV 中的 RNA 分子参与了多种过程。EV 相关的 RNA 类别最近在致病性真菌中已有描述；然而，关于真菌 EVs 中 RNA 的描述性研究报告很少。对 EV 相关 RNA 的深入了解将有助于理解其在感染过程中的作用。在这项研究中，我们描述了两个 分离株产生的 EV 中的 RNA 含量。我们的结果将这个重要的病原体添加到目前具有通过 EV 进行 RNA 细胞外释放能力的少数几种真菌物种的短名单中。
