Beisbekova Arailym, Raushanova Aizhan, Juszkiewicz Konrad, Kainarbayeva Maikul, Chuyenbekova Ardak, Khassenova Gulstan, Kozhakhmetova Aigul, Kenessary Dinara
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Department of Nutrition, Almaty, Kazakstan.
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019 Mar 22;26(1):73-77. doi: 10.26444/aaem/90718. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Iodine deficiency is one of the most important public health problems in the world. It mostly affects pregnant women and children. The lack of iodine leads to an increase in the numbers of perinatal mortality and mental retardation.
In 2012-2014, a survey was carried out of 2,342 women, of whom 2284 were analyzed for salt to measure the content of iodine, and 2,242 women of reproductive age had their urine samples analyzed by the cerium-arsenite method based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Determination of the medical and social effectiveness of biological monitoring of IDS was carried out in 3 stages.
The study revealed that in the eastern Kazakhstan region the relative risk (RR) of overall prevalence of iodine deficiency among women was 1.1 times higher (95% ID: 0.35-3.61; Z statistic = 0.192) among household respondents (≤15mkg/kg). In the Pavlodar region, the RR of the prevalence of total iodine deficiency is 0.5 times higher in households where the salt was not sufficiently iodized. In the Zhambyl region the RR of the iodine deficiency prevalence was about twice as high due to insufficient iodized salt.
The introduction of biological monitoring of IDS among women, especially pregnant women, may positively affect the detection of the risk limits for the birth of infants with reduced mental abilities or other diseases during pregnancy, using timely targeted preventive measures to exclude factors that affect the spread of IDS.
碘缺乏是世界上最重要的公共卫生问题之一。它主要影响孕妇和儿童。碘缺乏会导致围产期死亡率和智力发育迟缓人数增加。
2012 - 2014年，对2342名女性进行了调查，其中2284名女性的盐样用于分析碘含量，2242名育龄女性的尿液样本采用基于桑德尔 - 科尔托夫反应的亚砷酸铈法进行分析。碘缺乏病生物监测的医学和社会效益测定分三个阶段进行。
研究表明，在哈萨克斯坦东部地区，家庭受访者（≤15微克/千克）中女性碘缺乏总体患病率的相对风险（RR）高1.1倍（95%置信区间：0.35 - 3.61；Z统计量 = 0.192）。在巴甫洛达尔地区，盐碘强化不足家庭中总碘缺乏患病率的RR高0.5倍。在江布尔地区，由于碘盐强化不足，碘缺乏患病率的RR约高两倍。
在女性尤其是孕妇中开展碘缺乏病生物监测，可能会对检测孕期智力发育低下或其他疾病婴儿出生的风险界限产生积极影响，通过及时采取有针对性的预防措施来排除影响碘缺乏病传播的因素。
