Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
J Gastroenterol. 2019 Jul;54(7):667-668. doi: 10.1007/s00535-019-01576-8. Epub 2019 Mar 28.
Cancer development is a multistep process involving genetic and cellular alterations, and recent advances in next-generation sequencing have elucidated mutation landscapes of premalignant lesions as well as early- and late-stage tumors. In this issue of Journal of Gastroenterology, Kim and colleagues contributed to the better understanding of genetic events in putative precursors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Precancerous tissues are divided into canonical and non-canonical types, which share common driver mutations with cancerous lesions or not, and potential gatekeeper gene(s) for clonal selection play a critical role in driving precursors to cancers not only in HCC, but also in esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers.
癌症的发生是一个多步骤的过程，涉及遗传和细胞的改变，而新一代测序的最新进展阐明了癌前病变以及早期和晚期肿瘤的突变图谱。在本期《胃肠病学杂志》中，Kim 及其同事为更好地理解肝癌（HCC）潜在前体中的遗传事件做出了贡献。癌前组织分为经典型和非经典型，它们与癌性病变具有共同的驱动突变或没有共同的驱动突变，潜在的克隆选择的“守门员”基因在驱动前体向癌症发展中起着关键作用，不仅在 HCC 中如此，在食管、胃、结直肠和胰腺癌症中也是如此。
