Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, BELGIUM.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Sep;51(9):1884-1894. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001998.
Growing evidence exists that match-related fatigue induces biomechanical alterations that might increase lower extremity injury risk. Fatigue studies often use match simulation protocols that expose all subjects to a standardized demand (e.g., a fixed distance/time). In those studies, the induced level of fatigue depends then on subjects' fatigability. If between-subject variability in fatigability is high, this might confound overall fatigue effects. Therefore, the first aim was to investigate whether a fatigue protocol with fixed demand causes alterations in landing patterns. Second, we assessed the relationship between fatigability and landing patterns as we hypothesized that athletes with high fatigability would show movement patterns that involve greater injury risk.
Eighteen athletes performed three different unilateral landing tasks before and after a match simulation protocol while muscle activation (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, hamstrings medialis, hamstrings lateralis, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, and gluteus medius) and landing kinematics and kinetics of the hip, knee, and ankle joint were recorded. Furthermore, RPE was administered to measure fatigability. ANOVA analyses were conducted to investigate fatigue effects on landing patterns. Correlation analyses assessed the relationship between fatigability (postfatigue RPE) and landing patterns.
The ANOVA analyses did not show any overall postfatigue alterations in landing patterns. However, correlation analyses showed an association between fatigability and landing patterns. Athletes who had higher RPE scores showed smaller postfatigue knee flexion angles and smaller pre- and postfatigue knee abduction angles across different landing tasks.
The fixed demand protocol did not cause overall alterations in landing patterns. When fatigability was taken into account, high fatigability was related with less optimal landing patterns.
越来越多的证据表明，比赛相关的疲劳会导致生物力学的改变，从而增加下肢受伤的风险。疲劳研究通常使用比赛模拟方案，使所有受试者都受到标准化的需求（例如，固定的距离/时间）的影响。在这些研究中，疲劳的诱导水平取决于受试者的疲劳性。如果受试者之间的疲劳性差异很大，这可能会混淆整体疲劳效果。因此，第一个目的是研究固定需求的疲劳方案是否会导致着陆模式的改变。其次，我们评估了疲劳性和着陆模式之间的关系，因为我们假设疲劳性高的运动员会表现出涉及更高受伤风险的运动模式。
18 名运动员在比赛模拟方案前后进行了三次不同的单侧着陆任务，同时记录了肌肉激活（股直肌、股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股外侧肌、腓肠肌内侧、腓肠肌外侧和臀中肌）以及髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的着陆运动学和动力学。此外，还进行了 RPE 评估以测量疲劳性。进行方差分析以研究疲劳对着陆模式的影响。相关分析评估了疲劳性（疲劳后 RPE）与着陆模式之间的关系。
方差分析显示，着陆模式没有整体的疲劳后改变。然而，相关分析显示了疲劳性和着陆模式之间的关联。疲劳后 RPE 得分较高的运动员在不同的着陆任务中表现出较小的膝关节屈曲角度和较小的膝关节外展角度。
固定需求方案不会导致整体着陆模式的改变。当考虑到疲劳性时，高疲劳性与不太理想的着陆模式有关。
