Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Mar Drugs. 2019 Mar 30;17(4):203. doi: 10.3390/md17040203.
Marine cyanobacteria represent a large untapped source of functional glycolipids enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for human health. However, advanced methods for scalable isolation of diverse species containing high-purity PUFA-rich glycolipids will have to be developed and their possible pharmaceutical and nutraceutical functions identified. This paper introduces a novel solid matrix-supported supercritical CO₂ extraction method for scalable isolation of the PUFA γ-linolenic acid (GLA)-enriched glycolipids from the cyanobacterium () , which has been the most widely used among microalgae in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Of various porous materials studied, diatomite was the best to facilitate extraction of GLA-rich glycolipids, resulting in an extraction efficiency of 98%. Gamma-linolenic acid made up 35% of total fatty acids (TFAs) in the extracts, which was considerably greater than that obtained with ethanol (26%), Bligh and Dyer (24%), and in situ transesterification (24%) methods, respectively. Lipidomics analysis revealed that GLA was exclusively associated with galactolipids. Pharmaceutical functions of GLA-rich galactolipids were investigated on a zebrafish caudal fin regeneration model. The results suggested that GLA extracted from possessed anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities, which acted in a concerted manner to promote post-injury regeneration of zebrafish.
海洋蓝藻代表了一个巨大的、尚未开发的功能糖脂资源库，其中富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），对人类健康有益。然而，必须开发出先进的方法来大规模分离含有高纯度 PUFA 的多种物种，并确定其可能的药用和营养功能。本文介绍了一种从蓝藻（）中大规模分离富含多不饱和脂肪酸 γ-亚麻酸（GLA）的糖脂的新型固体基质支撑超临界 CO₂提取方法，该方法已在营养保健品和制药行业中被广泛应用于微藻。在研究的各种多孔材料中，硅藻土最有利于提取 GLA 丰富的糖脂，提取效率达到 98%。提取物中 γ-亚麻酸占总脂肪酸（TFAs）的 35%，明显高于乙醇（26%）、Bligh 和 Dyer（24%）和原位酯交换（24%）方法。脂质组学分析表明，GLA 仅与半乳糖脂有关。在斑马鱼尾鳍再生模型上研究了富含 GLA 的半乳糖脂的药用功能。结果表明，从 中提取的 GLA 具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗过敏活性，它们协同作用促进了斑马鱼受伤后的再生。
