CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 11;22(18):9825. doi: 10.3390/ijms22189825.
Noncommunicable diseases (NCD) and age-associated diseases (AAD) are some of the gravest health concerns worldwide, accounting for up to 70% of total deaths globally. NCD and AAD, such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and poor dietary habits. Modulation of the inflammatory status through dietary components is a very appellative approach to fight these diseases and is supported by increasing evidence of natural and dietary components with strong anti-inflammatory activities. The consumption of bioactive lipids has a positive impact on preventing chronic inflammation and consequently NCD and AAD. Thus, new sources of bioactive lipids have been sought out. Microalgae are rich sources of bioactive lipids such as omega-6 and -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and polar lipids with associated anti-inflammatory activity. PUFAs are enzymatically and non-enzymatically catalyzed to oxylipins and have a significant role in anti and pro-resolving inflammatory responses. Therefore, a large and rapidly growing body of research has been conducted in vivo and in vitro, investigating the potential anti-inflammatory activities of microalgae lipids. This review sought to summarize and critically analyze recent evidence of the anti-inflammatory potential of microalgae lipids and their possible use to prevent or mitigate chronic inflammation.
非传染性疾病（NCD）和与年龄相关的疾病（AAD）是全球最严重的健康问题之一，占全球总死亡人数的 70%。NCD 和 AAD，如糖尿病、肥胖症、心血管疾病和癌症，与低度慢性炎症和不良饮食习惯有关。通过饮食成分调节炎症状态是对抗这些疾病的一种非常有吸引力的方法，越来越多的证据表明，天然和饮食成分具有很强的抗炎活性。生物活性脂质的摄入对预防慢性炎症，进而预防 NCD 和 AAD 有积极影响。因此，人们一直在寻找新的生物活性脂质来源。微藻是生物活性脂质的丰富来源，如ω-6 和 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和具有抗炎活性的极性脂质。PUFA 被酶促和非酶促催化为氧化脂质，在抗炎和促消退炎症反应中具有重要作用。因此，大量的体内和体外研究已经进行，研究微藻脂质的潜在抗炎活性。本综述旨在总结和批判性分析微藻脂质抗炎潜力的最新证据，并探讨其在预防或减轻慢性炎症中的可能用途。
