Stefaniak Tadeusz, Madej Jan P, Graczyk Stanisław, Siwek Maria, Łukaszewicz Ewa, Kowalczyk Artur, Sieńczyk Marcin, Bednarczyk Marek
Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
BMC Vet Res. 2019 Apr 3;15(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1850-8.
A previous study showed that prebiotics and synbiotics administered in ovo into the egg air cell on the 12th day of incubation enhance the growth and development of chickens. However, the influence of this procedure on the development and efficiency of the innate immune system of broiler chickens is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the early (on the 12th day of embryo development) in ovo administration of selected prebiotics (inulin - Pre1 and Bitos - Pre2) and synbiotics (inulin + Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IBB SL1 - Syn1 and Bitos + L. lactis subsp. cremoris IBB SC1 - Syn2) influences the innate immune system.
Chickens (broiler, Ross 308) that were treated with Pre1 exhibited a decreased H/L ratio on D7, but an increased H/L ratio was observed on D21 and D35. In the remaining experimental groups, an increase in the H/L ratio was observed on D21 and D35. The oxidative potential of leukocytes measured using the NBT test increased on D21 in Pre2 and Syn1 groups. The rate of the phagocytic ability of leukocytes increased in Pre1 and Syn1 groups on D21. The phagocytic index decreased in Pre1 and Syn2 groups on D21 and D35. Concurrently, the count of WBC in circulating blood decreased on D21 in Pre1, Pre2, and Syn1 groups. The hematocrit value was increased in Syn1 chickens on D21, in Pre1 chickens on D35, and in Syn2 chickens on both time points.
Early in ovo treatment of chicken embryos with prebiotics and synbiotics may temporarily modulate not only the production/maturation of leukocytes but also their reactivity.
先前的一项研究表明，在孵化第12天向鸡蛋气室中卵内注射益生元和合生元可促进鸡的生长发育。然而，该操作对肉鸡先天免疫系统的发育和效率的影响尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是评估在胚胎发育早期（第12天）向卵内注射选定的益生元（菊粉 - Pre1和Bitos - Pre2）和合生元（菊粉 + 乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种IBB SL1 - Syn1和Bitos + 乳酸乳球菌乳脂亚种IBB SC1 - Syn2）是否会影响先天免疫系统。
用Pre1处理的鸡（罗斯308肉鸡）在第7天H/L比值降低，但在第21天和第35天观察到H/L比值升高。在其余实验组中，第21天和第35天观察到H/L比值升高。使用NBT试验测量的白细胞氧化电位在第21天Pre2和Syn1组中升高。第21天Pre1和Syn1组中白细胞吞噬能力的速率增加。第21天和第35天Pre1和Syn2组中吞噬指数降低。同时，第21天Pre1、Pre2和Syn1组循环血液中的白细胞计数减少。第21天Syn1组鸡的血细胞比容值升高，第35天Pre1组鸡的血细胞比容值升高，两个时间点Syn2组鸡的血细胞比容值均升高。
在胚胎发育早期对鸡胚进行益生元和合生元卵内处理可能不仅会暂时调节白细胞的产生/成熟，还会调节其反应性。
