Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, CENUR Litoral Norte, Sede Salto, Universidad de la República, Salto, Uruguay.
Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Food Environ Virol. 2019 Sep;11(3):259-267. doi: 10.1007/s12560-019-09384-2. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
The aim of this study was to determine the origin (human, bovine or porcine) and the concentration of the fecal sources of contamination in waters from Santa Lucía basin and Uruguay River in Uruguay by using host-specific viral markers (adenoviruses and polyomaviruses) as microbial source tracking (MST). Between June 2015 and May 2016, monthly collections of surface water samples were performed in six sites in Santa Lucía basin and four sites in Uruguay River (n = 120 samples). Viral concentration was carried out using an absorption-elution method. Detection and quantification of human and porcine adenovirus (HAdV and PAdV, respectively) and human and bovine polyomavirus (HPyV and BoPyV, respectively) were performed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). To evaluate the infectivity of circulating HAdV, an integrated cell culture-qPCR (ICC-qPCR) was used. A logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the influence of environmental variables on the virus presence in surface waters. Overall, HAdV was the prevalent (18%; 21/120) followed by BoPyV (11%; 13/120) and HPyV (3%; 3/120), whereas PAdV was not detected in this study. The mean concentration ranged from 1.5 × 10 genomic copies/L (gc/L) for HAdV to 1.8 × 10 gc/L for HPyV. Infective HAdVs were observed in two out of ten analyzed samples. A significant effect of environmental temperature (p = 0.001) and river (p = 0.012) on the presence of human viruses was found. These results suggest that fecal contamination could affect the water quality of these rivers, showing deficiencies in the procedure of sewage discharge from regional cities, livestock and dairy farms.
本研究旨在通过使用宿主特异性病毒标志物（腺病毒和多瘤病毒）作为微生物源追踪（MST），确定乌拉圭圣卢西亚流域和乌拉圭河水中粪便污染的来源（人类、牛或猪）和浓度。2015 年 6 月至 2016 年 5 月，每月在圣卢西亚流域的 6 个地点和乌拉圭河的 4 个地点采集地表水样本（n=120 个样本）。采用吸附洗脱法进行病毒浓缩。通过定量 PCR（qPCR）检测和定量人源和猪源腺病毒（HAdV 和 PAdV）以及人源和牛源多瘤病毒（HPyV 和 BoPyV）。为了评估循环 HAdV 的感染性，使用了整合细胞培养-qPCR（ICC-qPCR）。采用逻辑回归分析评估环境变量对地表水病毒存在的影响。总体而言，HAdV 是最常见的（18%，21/120），其次是 BoPyV（11%，13/120）和 HPyV（3%，3/120），而本研究中未检测到 PAdV。平均浓度范围从 HAdV 的 1.5×10 基因组拷贝/L（gc/L）到 HPyV 的 1.8×10 gc/L。在分析的十个样本中有两个样本中观察到感染性 HAdV。环境温度（p=0.001）和河流（p=0.012）对人源病毒存在的显著影响。这些结果表明，粪便污染可能会影响这些河流的水质，表明区域城市、牲畜和奶牛场的污水排放程序存在缺陷。
