Liu Hua, Shen Yujuan, Liu Aiqin, Yin Jianhai, Yuan Zhongying, Jiang Yanyan, Pan Wei, Zhang Yumei, Zhao Wei, Cao Jianping
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2017 Jun 27;11(6):479-486. doi: 10.3855/jidc.8421.
High prevalence of Giardia infections occurs in humans and animals, partly because of the increasing numbers of pets. We determined the presence and genotypes of G. duodenalis in pets and zoo animals.
A total of 84 specimens were collected from dogs and cats from a pet hospital, and 54 specimens from a zoo, which included deer, tigers, yaks, and others. All the specimens were examined by microscopy and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and subsequent sequencing of glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), beta-giardin (bg), and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) genes.
Giardia infection was confirmed in 5.95% and 15.48% of animals by microscopy and by PCR, respectively; the detection levels were 13.33% and 26.67% for pets, and 1.85% and 9.26% for zoo animals. Four assemblages were identified: assemblage C in dogs, cats, and a sheep; D in dogs, a wolf, a yak, and a leopard; E in a sheep; and F in a cat and a leopard. PCR gave the highest amplification rate at the gdh locus. Eight, five, and four sequences were novel at the gdh, bg, and tpi loci, respectively. Two tpi sequences of dog-derived assemblage C had 100% homology with amino acid sequences from human-derived isolates.
The molecular characterization of G. duodenalis in pets and zoo animals in China is described. Assemblage D was identified in a yak and a leopard for the first time. Multilocus genotyping analysis identified the same tpi gene sequences of assemblage C in dogs and humans, indicating potential zoonotic transmission.
贾第虫感染在人类和动物中普遍存在，部分原因是宠物数量的增加。我们确定了宠物和动物园动物中十二指肠贾第虫的存在情况及其基因型。
从一家宠物医院的狗和猫身上共采集了84份样本，从一个动物园采集了54份样本，其中包括鹿、老虎、牦牛等。所有样本均通过显微镜检查、聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增以及随后对谷氨酸脱氢酶（gdh）、β-贾第虫蛋白（bg）和磷酸丙糖异构酶（tpi）基因的测序进行检测。
通过显微镜检查和PCR分别在5.95%和15.48%的动物中确诊为贾第虫感染；宠物的检测率分别为13.33%和26.67%，动物园动物的检测率分别为1.85%和9.26%。鉴定出了四个组合：狗、猫和一只绵羊中为组合C；狗、一只狼、一头牦牛和一只豹中为组合D；一只绵羊中为组合E；一只猫和一只豹中为组合F。PCR在gdh基因座处的扩增率最高。gdh、bg和tpi基因座分别有8个、5个和4个序列是新发现的。狗源组合C的两个tpi序列与人类分离株的氨基酸序列具有100%的同源性。
描述了中国宠物和动物园动物中十二指肠贾第虫的分子特征。首次在一头牦牛和一只豹中鉴定出组合D。多位点基因分型分析确定了狗和人类中组合C的tpi基因序列相同，表明存在潜在的人畜共患病传播。
