多动症儿童额叶功能的年龄相关差异。
Age-related differences in frontal lobe function in children with ADHD.
作者信息
Yasumura Akira, Omori Mikimasa, Fukuda Ayako, Takahashi Junichi, Yasumura Yukiko, Nakagawa Eiji, Koike Toshihide, Yamashita Yushiro, Miyajima Tasuku, Koeda Tatsuya, Aihara Masao, Inagaki Masumi
机构信息
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, Kumamoto University, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, Kumamoto University, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
出版信息
Brain Dev. 2019 Aug;41(7):577-586. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.03.006. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
BACKGROUND
The neural correlates of executive function disorders are thought to be predominantly localized within the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, no study to date has investigated changes in this system across different age groups in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thus, this study aimed to explore changes in PFC function in children with ADHD.
METHODS
Study participants included typically developing (TD) children (n = 140) and children with ADHD (n = 67) of primary school age. Behavioral executive functions and their neural basis were evaluated between the TD children and children with ADHD and also across different age periods (younger and older children). To examine executive function, inhibitory control was assessed using the reverse Stroop task, and PFC near-infrared spectroscopic measurements were used to investigate the neural mechanisms involved.
RESULTS
Both ADHD symptoms and the ability to inhibit color interference improved with age. Compared to TD children, children with ADHD demonstrated decreased activation of the right and middle PFC across all age groups. Interestingly, the left PFC appeared to play a compensatory role.
CONCLUSION
Children with ADHD exhibited changes in PFC function that varied with age. Longitudinal studies are required to assess the potential of using PFC function as an early biomarker of ADHD.
背景
执行功能障碍的神经关联被认为主要定位于前额叶皮层（PFC）。然而，迄今为止尚无研究调查注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿不同年龄组中该系统的变化。因此，本研究旨在探索ADHD患儿PFC功能的变化。
方法
研究参与者包括小学年龄的发育正常（TD）儿童（n = 140）和ADHD患儿（n = 67）。在TD儿童和ADHD患儿之间以及不同年龄阶段（年幼和年长儿童）评估行为执行功能及其神经基础。为了检查执行功能，使用反向Stroop任务评估抑制控制，并使用PFC近红外光谱测量来研究其中涉及的神经机制。
结果
ADHD症状和抑制颜色干扰的能力均随年龄改善。与TD儿童相比，ADHD患儿在所有年龄组中右侧和中间PFC的激活均降低。有趣的是，左侧PFC似乎起到了补偿作用。
结论
ADHD患儿表现出PFC功能随年龄变化。需要进行纵向研究以评估将PFC功能用作ADHD早期生物标志物的潜力。
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