Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 34988, Israel.
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2019 Jun;109:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.04.002. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
Phagocytosis is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that plays a key role in both host defence and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. A range of surface receptors expressed on different cell types allow discriminating between self and non-self (or altered) material, thus enabling phagocytosis of pathogens and apoptotic cells. The phagocytosis process can be divided into four main steps: 1) binding of the phagocyte to the target particle, 2) particle internalization and phagosome formation, through remodelling of the plasma membrane, 3) phagosome maturation, and 4) particle destruction in the phagolysosome. In this review, we describe our present knowledge on phagocytosis in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, assessing each of the key steps involved in engulfment of both apoptotic cells and bacteria. We also assess the physiological role of phagocytosis in host defence, development and tissue homeostasis.
吞噬作用是一种进化上保守的机制，在多细胞生物的宿主防御和组织动态平衡中起着关键作用。不同细胞类型表达的一系列表面受体允许区分自我和非自我（或改变的）物质，从而使病原体和凋亡细胞能够被吞噬。吞噬作用过程可以分为四个主要步骤：1）吞噬细胞与靶颗粒的结合，2）通过质膜重塑使颗粒内化和吞噬体形成，3）吞噬体成熟，以及 4）在吞噬溶酶体中破坏颗粒。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们目前对果蝇黑腹果蝇吞噬作用的认识，评估了吞噬凋亡细胞和细菌所涉及的各个关键步骤。我们还评估了吞噬作用在宿主防御、发育和组织动态平衡中的生理作用。
