Ola-Fadunsin Shola David, Uwabujo Patricia Isioma, Sanda Idiat Modupe, Hussain Karimat, Ganiyu Isau Aremu, Rabiu Musa, Balogun Rashidat Bolanle
1Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State Nigeria.
2Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State Nigeria.
J Parasit Dis. 2019 Mar;43(1):87-95. doi: 10.1007/s12639-018-1062-3. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Coccidiosis is one of the biggest challenges faced by the global poultry industry as the protozoan is found anywhere poultry are reared. Before now, there have been no documents on the intensity and diversity of species of poultry in Kwara State. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of species and its species diversity among poultry in Kwara Central, North-Central Nigeria. Five hundred and two fecal samples (from four hundred and seventy two chickens and thirty turkeys) were collected from chickens and turkeys from 15 farms from December 2017 to May 2018. The samples were subjected to floatation technique. Positive samples were further subjected to the McMaster counting technique for determining the intensity of infection. Sporulation of unsporulated oocysts was carried out using 2.5% potassium dichromate (KCrO), for the purpose of identifying the different species. Ninety five (18.9%) of the sampled population, 10 (66.7%) of the 15 sampled farms were positive for species. The total mean oocyst per gram was 6325.0. Eight species were detected in the study: 7 in chickens and 1 in turkeys. was the most predominant among chickens, . was the only species detected in turkeys. Age, sex, bird type, physiological status, farm age, farm size (acres), management system, frequency of anthelmintic use, frequency of anticoccidial use, distance to dumping site (meters), level of biosecurity and frequency of cleaning the pen were significantly associated ( < 0.05) with the occurrence of infection. It is envisaged that the information obtained in this study will contribute to a clearer understanding of the epidemiology of poultry coccidiosis, for better management protocol which will improve the productivity of the sector in Kwara State and Nigeria.
球虫病是全球家禽业面临的最大挑战之一，因为这种原生动物在任何家禽饲养地都能被发现。在此之前，关于夸拉州家禽种类的强度和多样性尚无文献记载。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚中北部夸拉中部地区家禽中球虫种类的流行率、感染强度及其物种多样性。2017年12月至2018年5月，从15个农场的鸡和火鸡中采集了502份粪便样本（472份来自鸡，30份来自火鸡）。样本采用漂浮技术处理。阳性样本进一步采用麦克马斯特计数技术来确定感染强度。使用2.5%的重铬酸钾（KCrO）对未孢子化的卵囊进行孢子化处理，以鉴定不同的球虫种类。95份（18.9%）抽样群体样本、15个抽样农场中的10个（66.7%）球虫种类呈阳性。每克粪便中卵囊的总平均数量为6325.0个。研究中检测到8种球虫：鸡中有7种，火鸡中有1种。在鸡中，某一种球虫最为常见，在火鸡中检测到的只有一种球虫。年龄、性别、禽类类型、生理状态、农场年限、农场规模（英亩）、管理系统、驱虫药使用频率、抗球虫药使用频率、到倾倒场的距离（米）、生物安全水平以及鸡舍清洁频率与球虫感染的发生显著相关（P<0.05）。预计本研究获得的信息将有助于更清楚地了解家禽球虫病的流行病学，从而制定更好的管理方案，提高夸拉州和尼日利亚该行业的生产力。
