Omani R N, Gitao G C, Gachohi J, Gathumbi P K, Bwihangane B A, Abbey K, Chemweno V J
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi, Kenya.
Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
Adv Virol. 2019 Mar 4;2019:4028720. doi: 10.1155/2019/4028720. eCollection 2019.
A study was conducted to determine the presence of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camel population kept together with small ruminants in Isiolo, Mandera, Marsabit, and Wajir counties of Kenya. This was done in the wake of a disease with unknown etiology "" camels in the horn of Africa. Thirty-eight (38) samples, 12, 8, 15, and 3 samples, were collected from Mandera, Wajir, Isiolo, and Marsabit, respectively, from 25 camels, 7 goats, and 4 sheep. One camel in Mandera and one goat in Wajir were confirmed positive for PPR virus (PPRV) through reverse Polymerase Chain Reaction. The analysis of sequences revealed closest nucleotide identities of obtained sequences from both goat and camel to the lineage III of PPRV albeit with 60.29% of nucleotide identity. This study establishes that camels in the study area suffer with PPR manifest clinical signs that are mainly characterized by inappetence, loss of body condition, and general weakness terminally leading to diarrhea, conjunctivitis, and ocular nasal discharges preceding death. These clinical signs are similar to those observed in small ruminants with slight variations of manifestations such as keratoconjunctivitis as well as edema of the ventral surface of the abdomen. This shows that camels could be involved in the epidemiology of PPR in the region and that PPRV could be involved in the epidemics of Camel Sudden Death syndrome. There is therefore a need for resources to be dedicated in understanding the role camels play in the epidemiology of PPR and the role of the disease in Camels Sudden death syndrome.
开展了一项研究，以确定在肯尼亚伊西奥洛、曼德拉、马萨比特和瓦吉尔县与小反刍动物混养的骆驼群体中是否存在小反刍兽疫（PPR）。这是在非洲之角骆驼出现病因不明的疾病之后进行的。分别从曼德拉、瓦吉尔、伊西奥洛和马萨比特的25头骆驼、7只山羊和4只绵羊中采集了38份样本，数量分别为12份、8份、15份和3份。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应，确认曼德拉的1头骆驼和瓦吉尔的1只山羊感染了小反刍兽疫病毒（PPRV）。序列分析显示，从山羊和骆驼获得的序列与PPRV谱系III的核苷酸同源性最高，尽管核苷酸同源性为60.29%。本研究证实，研究区域内的骆驼感染了PPR，表现出的临床症状主要为食欲不振、身体状况下降和全身虚弱，最终导致腹泻、结膜炎，并在死亡前出现眼鼻分泌物。这些临床症状与小反刍动物观察到的症状相似，只是表现略有不同，如角膜结膜炎以及腹部腹面水肿。这表明骆驼可能参与了该地区PPR的流行病学传播，并且PPRV可能与骆驼猝死综合征的流行有关。因此，需要投入资源来了解骆驼在PPR流行病学中的作用以及该疾病在骆驼猝死综合征中的作用。
