Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2019 Oct;19(5):441-450. doi: 10.1007/s12012-019-09516-x.
The use of electronic cigarettes has increased exponentially since its introduction onto the global market in 2006. However, short- and long-term health effects remain largely unknown due to the novelty of this product. The present study examines the acute effects of e-cigarette aerosol inhalation, with and without nicotine, on vascular and pulmonary function in healthy volunteers. Seventeen healthy subjects inhaled electronic cigarette aerosol with and without nicotine on two separate occasions in a double-blinded crossover fashion. Blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis were assessed at baseline, and then at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h following exposure. Dynamic spirometry and impulse oscillometry were measured following vascular assessments at these time points, as well as at 6 h following exposure. e-Cigarette aerosol with nicotine caused a significant increase in heart rate and arterial stiffness. Furthermore, e-cigarette aerosol-containing nicotine caused a sudden increase in flow resistance as measured by impulse oscillometry, indicating obstruction of the conducting airways. Both aerosols caused an increase in blood pressure. The present study indicates that inhaled e-cigarette aerosol with nicotine has an acute impact on vascular and pulmonary function. Thus, chronic usage may lead to long-term adverse health effects. Further investigation is warranted.
自 2006 年电子烟在全球市场推出以来，其使用量呈指数级增长。然而，由于这种产品具有新颖性，其短期和长期的健康影响在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究旨在探讨电子烟气溶胶吸入对健康志愿者血管和肺功能的急性影响，包括含有和不含有尼古丁的情况。十七名健康受试者以双盲交叉的方式在两次单独的场合中分别吸入含有和不含有尼古丁的电子烟气溶胶。在暴露前、暴露后 0 小时、2 小时和 4 小时测量血压、心率和脉搏波速度和脉搏波分析测量的动脉僵硬度。在这些时间点进行血管评估后以及暴露后 6 小时进行动态肺活量测定和脉冲振荡测量。含有尼古丁的电子烟气溶胶会导致心率和动脉僵硬度显著增加。此外，含有尼古丁的电子烟气溶胶会导致脉冲振荡测量的气流阻力突然增加，表明传导气道阻塞。两种气溶胶都会导致血压升高。本研究表明，吸入含有尼古丁的电子烟气溶胶会对血管和肺功能产生急性影响。因此，长期使用可能会导致长期的不良健康影响。需要进一步的研究。
