Hofmann Robin J, Vlatković Matea, Wiesbrock Frank
Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH (PCCL), Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria.
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Polymers (Basel). 2017 Oct 20;9(10):534. doi: 10.3390/polym9100534.
Hydrosilylation reactions, the (commonly) anti-Markovnikov additions of silanes to unsaturated bonds present in compounds such as alkenes and alkynes, offer numerous unique and advantageous properties for the preparation of polymeric materials, such as high yields and stereoselectivity. These reactions require to be catalyzed, for which platinum compounds were used in the initial stages. Celebrating the 50th anniversary of hydrosilylations in polymer science and, concomitantly, five decades of continuously growing research, hydrosilylation reactions have advanced to a level that renders them predestined for transfer into commercial products on the large scale. Facing this potential transfer, this review addresses and discusses selected current trends of the scientific research in the area, namely low-cost transition metal catalysts (focusing on iron, cobalt, and nickel complexes), metal-free catalysts, non-thermally triggered hydrosilylation reactions (highlighting stimuli such as (UV-)light), and (potential) industrial applications (highlighting the catalysts used and products manufactured). This review focuses on the hydrosilylation reactions involving alkene reactants.
硅氢化反应，即硅烷对烯烃和炔烃等化合物中存在的不饱和键进行（通常）反马氏加成反应，为制备聚合物材料提供了许多独特且有利的特性，如高收率和立体选择性。这些反应需要催化，在最初阶段使用的是铂化合物。值此聚合物科学中硅氢化反应50周年之际，同时也是持续不断增长的研究历经五十年之时，硅氢化反应已发展到一个使其注定能够大规模转化为商业产品的水平。面对这种潜在的转化，本综述探讨并讨论了该领域科研的当前选定趋势，即低成本过渡金属催化剂（重点关注铁、钴和镍配合物）、无金属催化剂、非热引发的硅氢化反应（突出如（紫外）光等刺激因素）以及（潜在的）工业应用（突出所使用的催化剂和制造的产品）。本综述聚焦于涉及烯烃反应物的硅氢化反应。
