Waśkiewicz Anna, Zujko Małgorzata Elżbieta, Szcześniewska Danuta, Tykarski Andrzej, Kwaśniewska Magdalena, Drygas Wojciech, Witkowska Anna Maria
Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland.
Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2019 Jun;28(6):797-806. doi: 10.17219/acem/91487.
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of most non-communicable diseases, including arterial hypertension (AH). Diet is the major source of exogenous antioxidants, which support the body in the elimination of excessive free radicals.
To assess dietary total antioxidant potential (DTAP) and dietary polyphenol intake (DPI), and to determine the relationship between DTAP, DPI and hypertension in the Polish adult population; to indicate dietary sources of DTAP and DPI in participants with and without AH.
Within the frame of the National Multicenter Health Survey (WOBASZ II), a random sample of the whole Polish population aged 20 years and above was screened during the years 2013-2014. Dietary habits and blood pressure were assessed in 2,554 men and 3,136 women. Dietary total antioxidant potential and DPI were calculated according to the amount of food consumed by the participants combined with the antioxidant potential and polyphenol contents in foods.
The mean DTAP was 12.36 mmol/day in men and 12.27 mmol/day in women, and DPI was 2069 mg/day and 1989 mg/day, respectively. The DTAP and DPI were associated with reduced odds of AH in the Polish population. After adjusting for confounding variables, higher DTAP (by 1 mmol/day) had reduced odds of AH by 1.3% in men and by 1.8% in women and higher DPI (by 100 mg/day) by 1.1% and by 2.2%, respectively. Regardless of sex and AH, the main sources of DTAP and DPI were beverages, especially coffee and tea (over 50%), fruit (12-24%) and vegetables (12-18%).
The intake of food with high antioxidant potential and rich in polyphenols was associated, slightly but independently of other factors, with a lower chance of hypertension in the adult Polish population. Irrespective of sex and AH, coffee and tea were the basic dietary sources of the antioxidants.
氧化应激在包括动脉高血压（AH）在内的大多数非传染性疾病的发展中起关键作用。饮食是外源性抗氧化剂的主要来源，其有助于身体清除过量的自由基。
评估波兰成年人群的膳食总抗氧化能力（DTAP）和膳食多酚摄入量（DPI），并确定DTAP、DPI与高血压之间的关系；指出有或无AH参与者的DTAP和DPI的膳食来源。
在2013 - 2014年期间，在全国多中心健康调查（WOBASZ II）框架内，对20岁及以上的波兰全体人口进行随机抽样筛查。对2554名男性和3136名女性的饮食习惯和血压进行了评估。根据参与者所食用食物的量以及食物中的抗氧化能力和多酚含量，计算膳食总抗氧化能力和DPI。
男性的平均DTAP为12.36 mmol/天，女性为12.27 mmol/天，DPI分别为2069 mg/天和1989 mg/天。DTAP和DPI与波兰人群中AH几率的降低相关。在对混杂变量进行调整后，较高的DTAP（每天增加1 mmol）使男性AH几率降低1.3%，女性降低1.8%；较高的DPI（每天增加100 mg）分别使AH几率降低1.1%和2.2%。无论性别和是否患有AH，DTAP和DPI的主要来源是饮料，尤其是咖啡和茶（超过50%）、水果（12 - 24%）和蔬菜（12 - 18%）。
摄入具有高抗氧化能力且富含多酚的食物与波兰成年人群中较低的高血压几率相关，这种关联虽微弱但独立于其他因素。无论性别和是否患有AH，咖啡和茶都是抗氧化剂的主要膳食来源。
