Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2020 Jan;32(1):65-73. doi: 10.1017/S1041610219000267.
Older adults, especially those above age 80, are the fastest growing segment of the population in the United States and at risk for age-related cognitive decline and dementia. There is growing evidence that cognitive activity and training may allow adults to maintain or improve cognitive functioning, but little is known about the potential benefit in the oldest old. In this randomized trial, the effectiveness of a computerized cognitive training program (CCT program) was compared to an active control games program to improve cognition in cognitively normal individuals aged 80 and older.
Sixty-nine older adults were randomized to a 24-session CCT program (n = 39) or an active control program (n = 30). Participants completed a pre- and post- training neuropsychological assessment. The primary outcome measure was a global cognitive composite, and the secondary outcomes were the scores on specific cognitive domains (of memory, executive function/attention, and language).
Using linear mixed models, there were no significant differences between the CCT and the active control program on the primary (p = 0.662) or any of the secondary outcomes (language functioning, p = .628; attention/executive functioning, p = .428; memory, p = .749).
This study suggests that short-term CCT had no specific benefit for cognitive functioning in non-demented individuals aged 80 and older.
老年人，尤其是 80 岁以上的老年人，是美国人口中增长最快的群体，他们面临着与年龄相关的认知能力下降和痴呆的风险。越来越多的证据表明，认知活动和训练可以使成年人保持或提高认知功能，但对于最年长的老年人，其潜在益处知之甚少。在这项随机试验中，比较了计算机认知训练计划（CCT 计划）与积极控制游戏计划对认知正常的 80 岁及以上人群认知功能的影响。
69 名老年人被随机分为 24 节 CCT 计划组（n = 39）或积极控制计划组（n = 30）。参与者完成了训练前和训练后的神经心理学评估。主要结局测量是总体认知综合评分，次要结局测量是特定认知领域（记忆、执行功能/注意力和语言）的评分。
使用线性混合模型，CCT 组和积极控制组在主要结局（p = 0.662）或任何次要结局（语言功能，p = 0.628；注意力/执行功能，p = 0.428；记忆，p = 0.749）上均无显著差异。
本研究表明，短期 CCT 对认知功能无特定益处，对 80 岁及以上无痴呆的个体无影响。
