ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Virol. 2019 Jun 14;93(13). doi: 10.1128/JVI.00106-19. Print 2019 Jul 1.
In 2011, ticks were collected from livestock following an outbreak of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Gujarat state, India. CCHF-negative tick pools were passaged for virus isolation, and two virus isolates were obtained, designated Karyana virus (KARYV) and Kundal virus (KUNDV), respectively. Traditional reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) identification of known viruses was unsuccessful, but a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach identified KARYV and KUNDV as viruses in the family, and genera, respectively. Viral genomes were assembled, yielding 10 complete segments of KARYV and 12 nearly complete segments of KUNDV. The VP1 gene of KARYV shared a most recent common ancestor with Wad Medani virus (WMV), strain Ar495, and based on nucleotide identity we demonstrate that it is a novel WMV strain. The VP1 segment of KUNDV shares a common ancestor with Colorado tick fever virus, Eyach virus, Tai Forest reovirus, and Tarumizu tick virus from the genus. Based on VP1, VP6, VP7, and VP12 nucleotide and amino acid identities, KUNDV is proposed to be a new species of Electron microscopy supported the classification of KARYV and KUNDV as reoviruses and identified replication morphology consistent with other orbi- and coltiviruses. The identification of novel tick-borne viruses carried by the CCHF vector is an important step in the characterization of their potential role in human and animal pathogenesis. Ticks and mosquitoes, as well , can transmit viruses in the family. With the help of next-generation sequencing (NGS), previously unreported reoviruses such as equine encephalosis virus, Wad Medani virus (WMV), Kammavanpettai virus (KVPTV), and, with this report, KARYV and KUNDV have been discovered and characterized in India. The isolation of KUNDV and KARYV from , which is a known vector for zoonotic pathogens, such as Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, , , and species, identifies arboviruses with the potential to transmit to humans. Characterization of KUNDV and KARYV isolated from ticks is critical for the development of specific serological and molecular assays that can be used to determine the association of these viruses with disease in humans and livestock.
2011 年，在印度古吉拉特邦发生克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）疫情后，从牲畜身上采集了蜱虫。对 CCHF 阴性蜱虫池进行了病毒分离传代，获得了两种病毒分离株，分别命名为卡利亚纳病毒（KARYV）和昆德尔病毒（KUNDV）。传统的逆转录-PCR（RT-PCR）鉴定未能鉴定出已知病毒，但新一代测序（NGS）方法鉴定出 KARYV 和 KUNDV 分别为 科和 属的病毒。病毒基因组被组装，得到了 10 个完整的 KARYV 片段和 12 个近乎完整的 KUNDV 片段。KARYV 的 VP1 基因与 Wad Medani 病毒（WMV）菌株 Ar495 的最近共同祖先共享，根据核苷酸同一性，我们证明它是一种新型 WMV 株。KUNDV 的 VP1 片段与科罗拉多蜱热病毒、Eyach 病毒、Tai Forest 呼肠孤病毒和 Tarumizu 蜱病毒共享共同祖先。根据 VP1、VP6、VP7 和 VP12 核苷酸和氨基酸同一性，建议 KUNDV 为 属的一种新病毒种。电子显微镜支持 KARYV 和 KUNDV 被分类为呼肠孤病毒，并鉴定出与其他 orbivirus 和 coltivirus 一致的复制形态。鉴定由 CCHF 载体携带的新型蜱传病毒是表征其在人类和动物发病机制中潜在作用的重要步骤。蜱和蚊子同样可以传播 科的病毒。借助新一代测序（NGS）技术，已发现并在印度鉴定了以前未报道的呼肠孤病毒，如马脑炎病毒、Wad Medani 病毒（WMV）、Kammavanpettai 病毒（KVPTV），以及本报告中的 KARYV 和 KUNDV。从 分离出 KUNDV 和 KARYV， 是克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒等人畜共患病病原体的已知载体，确定了具有传播给人类潜力的虫媒病毒。从 蜱中分离出 KUNDV 和 KARYV 对于开发特定的血清学和分子检测方法至关重要，这些方法可用于确定这些病毒与人类和牲畜疾病的关联。
