Dinçer Ender, Brinkmann Annika, Hekimoğlu Olcay, Hacıoğlu Sabri, Földes Katalin, Karapınar Zeynep, Polat Pelin Fatoş, Oğuz Bekir, Orunç Kılınç Özlem, Hagedorn Peter, Özer Nurdan, Özkul Aykut, Nitsche Andreas, Ergünay Koray
Mersin University, Advanced Technology Education, Research and Application Center, 33110, Mersin, Turkey.
Robert Koch Institute; Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1 (ZBS-1), 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Parasit Vectors. 2017 Jul 14;10(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2279-1.
Ticks are involved with the transmission of several viruses with significant health impact. As incidences of tick-borne viral infections are rising, several novel and divergent tick- associated viruses have recently been documented to exist and circulate worldwide. This study was performed as a cross-sectional screening for all major tick-borne viruses in several regions in Turkey. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was employed for virus genome characterization. Ticks were collected at 43 locations in 14 provinces across the Aegean, Thrace, Mediterranean, Black Sea, central, southern and eastern regions of Anatolia during 2014-2016. Following morphological identification, ticks were pooled and analysed via generic nucleic acid amplification of the viruses belonging to the genera Flavivirus, Nairovirus and Phlebovirus of the families Flaviviridae and Bunyaviridae, followed by sequencing and NGS in selected specimens.
A total of 814 specimens, comprising 13 tick species, were collected and evaluated in 187 pools. Nairovirus and phlebovirus assays were positive in 6 (3.2%) and 48 (25.6%) pools. All nairovirus sequences were closely-related to the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) strain AP92 and formed a phylogenetically distinct cluster among related strains. Major portions of the CCHFV genomic segments were obtained via NGS. Phlebovirus sequencing revealed several tick-associated virus clades, including previously-characterized Antigone, Lesvos, KarMa and Bole tick viruses, as well as a novel clade. A wider host range for tick-associated virus strains has been observed. NGS provided near-complete sequences of the L genomic segments of Antigone and KarMa clades, as well as Antigone partial S segment. Co- infections of CCHFV and KarMa or novel phlebovirus clades were detected in 2.1% of the specimens.
Widespread circulation of various tick-associated phlebovirus clades were documented for the first time in Anatolia. Genomes of CCHFV AP92 strains were identified in previously unexplored locations. NGS provided the most detailed genomic characterization of the Antigone and KarMa viruses to date. The epidemiological and health-related consequences must be elucidated.
蜱虫参与传播多种对健康有重大影响的病毒。随着蜱传病毒感染发病率的上升，最近有文献记载几种新型且不同的蜱相关病毒在全球范围内存在并传播。本研究作为一项横断面筛查，针对土耳其多个地区的所有主要蜱传病毒展开。采用下一代测序（NGS）技术对病毒基因组进行特征分析。在2014年至2016年期间，于爱琴海、色雷斯、地中海、黑海、安纳托利亚中部、南部和东部地区的14个省份的43个地点采集蜱虫。经过形态学鉴定后，将蜱虫汇集起来，通过对黄病毒科和布尼亚病毒科的黄病毒属、内罗病毒属和白蛉病毒属的病毒进行通用核酸扩增进行分析，随后对选定标本进行测序和NGS分析。
共采集了814个标本，包括13种蜱虫，分187组进行评估。内罗病毒和白蛉病毒检测在6组（3.2%）和48组（25.6%）呈阳性。所有内罗病毒序列均与克里米亚 - 刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）毒株AP92密切相关，并在相关毒株中形成一个系统发育上独特的聚类。通过NGS获得了CCHFV基因组片段的主要部分。白蛉病毒测序揭示了几个蜱相关病毒分支，包括先前已鉴定的安提戈涅、莱斯沃斯、卡尔马和博勒蜱病毒，以及一个新的分支。观察到蜱相关病毒株的宿主范围更广。NGS提供了安提戈涅和卡尔马分支L基因组片段的近乎完整序列，以及安提戈涅部分S片段。在2.1%的标本中检测到CCHFV与卡尔马或新型白蛉病毒分支的共感染。
首次记录了各种蜱相关白蛉病毒分支在安纳托利亚广泛传播。在以前未探索的地点鉴定出CCHFV AP92毒株的基因组。NGS提供了迄今为止安提戈涅和卡尔马病毒最详细的基因组特征。必须阐明其流行病学和与健康相关的后果。
