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干旱响应基因，晚期胚胎丰富蛋白 3（LEA3）和邻位氧螯合蛋白，在油菜和拟南芥的脂质积累中主要通过提高光合作用效率和减少 ROS 来发挥作用。

Drought-responsive genes, late embryogenesis abundant group3 (LEA3) and vicinal oxygen chelate, function in lipid accumulation in Brassica napus and Arabidopsis mainly via enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and reducing ROS.

机构信息

Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.

出版信息

Plant Biotechnol J. 2019 Nov;17(11):2123-2142. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13127. Epub 2019 Apr 26.

DOI:10.1111/pbi.13127
PMID:30972883
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6790364/
Abstract

Drought is an abiotic stress that affects plant growth, and lipids are the main economic factor in the agricultural production of oil crops. However, the molecular mechanisms of drought response function in lipid metabolism remain little known. In this study, overexpression (OE) of different copies of the drought response genes LEA3 and VOC enhanced both drought tolerance and oil content in Brassica napus and Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, seed size, membrane stability and seed weight were also improved in OE lines. In contrast, oil content and drought tolerance were decreased in the AtLEA3 mutant (atlea3) and AtVOC-RNAi of Arabidopsis and in both BnLEA-RNAi and BnVOC-RNAi B. napus RNAi lines. Hybrids between two lines with increased or reduced expression (LEA3-OE with VOC-OE, atlea3 with AtVOC-RNAi) showed corresponding stronger trends in drought tolerance and lipid metabolism. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed the mechanisms of drought response gene function in lipid accumulation and drought tolerance. Gene networks involved in fatty acid (FA) synthesis and FA degradation were up- and down-regulated in OE lines, respectively. Key genes in the photosynthetic system and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism were up-regulated in OE lines and down-regulated in atlea3 and AtVOC-RNAi lines, including LACS9, LIPASE1, PSAN, LOX2 and SOD1. Further analysis of photosynthetic and ROS enzymatic activities confirmed that the drought response genes LEA3 and VOC altered lipid accumulation mainly via enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and reducing ROS. The present study provides a novel way to improve lipid accumulation in plants, especially in oil production crops.

摘要

干旱是一种影响植物生长的非生物胁迫，而脂质是油料作物农业生产的主要经济因素。然而，干旱响应功能在脂质代谢中的分子机制仍知之甚少。在本研究中，过表达不同拷贝的干旱响应基因 LEA3 和 VOC 增强了油菜和拟南芥的耐旱性和含油量。同时，OE 系的种子大小、膜稳定性和种子重量也得到了提高。相比之下，拟南芥的 AtLEA3 突变体（atlea3）和 AtVOC-RNAi、油菜的 BnLEA-RNAi 和 BnVOC-RNAi 系的含油量和耐旱性降低。表达增加或减少的两个系的杂种（LEA3-OE 与 VOC-OE、atlea3 与 AtVOC-RNAi）在耐旱性和脂质代谢方面表现出相应更强的趋势。比较转录组分析揭示了干旱响应基因在脂质积累和耐旱性中的功能机制。OE 系中脂肪酸（FA）合成和 FA 降解相关基因分别上调和下调。OE 系中光合作用系统和活性氧（ROS）代谢中的关键基因上调，而 atlea3 和 AtVOC-RNAi 系下调，包括 LACS9、LIPASE1、PSAN、LOX2 和 SOD1。进一步分析光合和 ROS 酶活性证实，干旱响应基因 LEA3 和 VOC 通过提高光合作用效率和降低 ROS 来改变脂质积累。本研究为提高植物，特别是油料作物的脂质积累提供了一种新方法。

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