Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263643, Uttarakhand, India.
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 11;9(1):5894. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42270-2.
Wild fruits are important food resources that provide health promoting nutraceutical components, which vary with ripening stages. In present study, five wild edible fruits of Indian Himalayan Region i.e., Myrica esculenta, Berberis asiatica, Rubus ellipticus, Pyracantha crenulata and Morus alba were examined for their nutraceutical potential at different ripening stages. The results of present study showed that polyphenolic concentration decreased whereas anthocyanin level increased with fruit ripening, however few species and compounds showed different trends. Among the tested fruit species, unripe fruits of B. asiatica followed by M. esculenta were found to be the best for harvesting polyphenolics (especially catechin), while ripen fruits of M. esculenta followed by B. asiatica were found the best for anthocyanin (cyanin and delphinidin) extraction. The results from this study can be effectively used by the harvesters, consumers, traders and food and nutraceutical industries to harness maximum nutraceutical potential depending on the preferred compounds and ripening stages of these species.
野生水果是重要的食物资源，提供具有促进健康的营养成分，这些成分因成熟阶段而异。在本研究中，对印度喜马拉雅地区的五种野生食用水果，即杨梅、小檗、椭圆悬钩子、火棘和桑树，在不同成熟阶段进行了营养潜力研究。研究结果表明，随着果实成熟，多酚浓度降低，而花色苷水平升高，但少数种类和化合物表现出不同的趋势。在所测试的水果种类中，未成熟的小檗和杨梅果实被认为是收获多酚（特别是儿茶素）的最佳选择，而成熟的杨梅和小檗果实则是提取花色苷（花青素和天竺葵素）的最佳选择。本研究的结果可以为采摘者、消费者、贸易商以及食品和营养产业提供有效信息，根据这些物种的首选化合物和成熟阶段，最大限度地利用其营养潜力。
