Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1089, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020 Feb;32(2):229-237. doi: 10.1007/s40520-019-01190-x. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
Higher age is associated with reduced physical capability in the general population. The role of age and gender for physical performance in older adults who exercises regularly is, however, not clear, and there is also a lack of recommendations for outcomes to address physical performance for this population.
To explore the associations between physical performance, age and gender, and to examine the suitability and feasibility of clinical field tests for physical performance in active older adults.
In this cross-sectional study we included 105 persons, 70-90 years of age, who had exercised regularly for ≥ 12 months. The field tests were Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go and gait speed for mobility; One-leg standing (OLS) test and Mini-BESTest for balance; Stair test for endurance, 30 s sit-to-stand, and grip strength for muscle strength.
We found associations between age and physical performance, and the associations were slightly stronger for women. Men performed better on tests of muscle strength, balance and endurance, while no gender differences were found in mobility. Grip strength was not associated with mobility tests for men. All tests were feasible, while SPPB and OLS had ceiling and floor effects that limit their suitability in this population.
Both age and gender were associated with physical performance. We recommend using the gait speed, Mini-BESTest, 30 s sit-to-stand, grip strength and stair tests to assess physical performance in physically active older adults.
在普通人群中，年龄较高与身体机能下降有关。然而，对于经常锻炼的老年人来说，年龄和性别对身体表现的影响尚不清楚，而且针对这一人群的身体表现，也缺乏推荐的评估结果。
探讨身体表现、年龄和性别之间的关联，并检验临床现场测试在活跃的老年人群中评估身体表现的适用性和可行性。
在这项横断面研究中，我们纳入了 105 名年龄在 70-90 岁之间、有至少 12 个月规律锻炼史的个体。现场测试包括：简短体能测试（SPPB）、计时起立行走测试和步态速度（用于评估移动能力）；单腿站立测试（OLS）和 Mini-BESTest（用于评估平衡能力）；楼梯测试（用于评估耐力）、30 秒坐站测试和握力（用于评估肌肉力量）。
我们发现年龄与身体表现之间存在关联，而且女性的关联稍强。男性在肌肉力量、平衡和耐力测试方面表现更好，而在移动能力测试中则没有性别差异。握力与男性的移动能力测试无关。所有测试都具有可行性，而 SPPB 和 OLS 存在天花板和地板效应，限制了它们在该人群中的适用性。
年龄和性别均与身体表现相关。我们建议使用步态速度、Mini-BESTest、30 秒坐站测试、握力和楼梯测试来评估活跃的老年人群的身体表现。
