AlHargan Manal H, AlBaker Khalid M, AlFadhel Abdulmajeed A, AlGhamdi Mohammed A, AlMuammar Salman M, AlDawood Haifa A
Department of Family Medicine and PHC, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Family Medicine and PHC, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Feb;8(2):373-377. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_422_18.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication for diabetes mellitus (DM), with around 35% of diabetic patients developing some form of DR.
This study assessed the awareness toward DR, practice of regular eye examination, and DM control among diabetic patients.
This was a cross-sectional study among diabetics at two primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who were selected by convenience sampling.
The questionnaire contained sections for demography, knowledge, attitude, and practice toward DR, and compliance to DM treatment. The association of awareness about retinopathy with demographics was compared.
The association of awareness about retinopathy and education level with demographics and compliance with treatment were compared using Chi-square test.
In total, 280 diabetic patients were included, 187 (67%) were males, mean age was 58.9 ± 10.1 years, and median duration of diabetes was 10 years. There was good awareness about DR, diabetes was well controlled in 170 (61%) patients, but less than half (45%) had their eyes checked within 1 year. Patients with education level of high school and above had higher awareness than those with no formal education ( < 0.001). Also, those with income level >10,000 SR had higher awareness than those with income ≤5,000 SR ( < 0.05).
There was high awareness among the diabetic patients regarding DR but annual check-up was done in less than half of the patients. Improvement is required for scheduling annual eye examinations for the early detection of DR.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病（DM）的一种微血管并发症，约35%的糖尿病患者会出现某种形式的DR。
本研究评估了糖尿病患者对DR的认知、定期眼部检查的实践情况以及糖尿病控制情况。
这是一项在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的两个初级医疗保健中心对糖尿病患者进行的横断面研究，采用方便抽样的方法选取研究对象。
问卷包含人口统计学、对DR的知识、态度和实践以及糖尿病治疗依从性等部分。比较了视网膜病变认知与人口统计学特征之间的关联。
使用卡方检验比较视网膜病变认知和教育水平与人口统计学特征及治疗依从性之间的关联。
总共纳入了280名糖尿病患者，其中187名（67%）为男性，平均年龄为58.9±10.1岁，糖尿病病程中位数为10年。对DR有较好的认知，170名（61%）患者的糖尿病得到了良好控制，但不到一半（45%）的患者在1年内进行了眼部检查。高中及以上教育水平的患者比未接受正规教育的患者有更高的认知（<0.001）。此外，收入水平>10,000沙特里亚尔的患者比收入≤5,000沙特里亚尔的患者有更高的认知（<0.05）。
糖尿病患者对DR有较高的认知，但不到一半的患者进行了年度检查。需要改进以安排年度眼部检查以便早期发现DR。
