Affiliated Bayi Children's Hospital, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing 100700, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing 100700, China.
Affiliated Bayi Children's Hospital, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China; The First Clinical Academy of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics. 2019 Feb;17(1):13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.10.002. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
Trillions of microbes reside in the human body and participate in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes that affect host health throughout the life cycle. The microbiome is hallmarked by distinctive compositional and functional features across different life periods. Accumulating evidence has shown that microbes residing in the human body may play fundamental roles in infant development and the maturation of the immune system. Gut microbes are thought to be essential for the facilitation of infantile and childhood development and immunity by assisting in breaking down food substances to liberate nutrients, protecting against pathogens, stimulating or modulating the immune system, and exerting control over the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the colonization and development of the gut microbiota in early life, highlighting the recent findings regarding the role of intestinal microbes in pediatric diseases. Furthermore, we also discuss the microbiota-mediated therapeutics that can reconfigure bacterial communities to treat dysbiosis.
人体内栖息着数万亿微生物，参与多种生理和病理生理过程，影响整个生命周期内的宿主健康。微生物组具有独特的组成和功能特征，存在于不同的生命时期。越来越多的证据表明，人体内的微生物可能在婴儿发育和免疫系统成熟中发挥着基本作用。肠道微生物被认为对于促进婴儿和儿童的发育和免疫力至关重要，因为它们可以帮助分解食物物质以释放营养物质，抵御病原体，刺激或调节免疫系统，并对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴进行控制。本综述旨在总结目前对早期生命中肠道微生物群定植和发育的理解，重点介绍肠道微生物在儿科疾病中的作用的最新发现。此外，我们还讨论了可以重新配置细菌群落以治疗菌群失调的微生物介导的治疗方法。
