Ryecroft Samuel, Shaw Andrew, Fergus Paul, Kot Patryk, Hashim Khalid, Moody Adam, Conway Laura
Built Environment and Sustainable Technologies (BEST) Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
United Utilities, Warrington WA5 3LP, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Apr 16;19(8):1813. doi: 10.3390/s19081813.
In 2016, there were 317 serious water pollution incidents in the UK, with 78,000 locations where businesses discharge controlled quantities of pollutants into rivers; therefore, continuous monitoring is vital. Since 1998, the environment agency has taken over 50 million water samples for water quality monitoring. The Internet of Things has grown phenomenally in recent years, reaching all aspects of our lives, many of these connected devices use wireless sensor networks to relay data to internet-connected nodes, where data can be processed, analyzed and consumed. However, Underwater wireless communications rely mainly on alternative communication methods such as optical and acoustic, with radio frequencies being an under-exploited method. This research presents real world results conducted in the Leeds and Liverpool Canal for the novel use of the 433 MHz radio frequency combined with a bowtie antenna in underwater communications in raw water, achieving distances of 7 m at 1.2 kbps and 5 m at 25 kbps.
2016年，英国发生了317起严重水污染事件，有7.8万个地点的企业向河流排放受控数量的污染物；因此，持续监测至关重要。自1998年以来，环境机构已采集了超过5000万个水样用于水质监测。近年来，物联网发展迅猛，已渗透到我们生活的方方面面，许多这些连接设备使用无线传感器网络将数据中继到连接互联网的节点，在那里数据可以被处理、分析和使用。然而，水下无线通信主要依赖于光和声学等替代通信方法，射频是一种未得到充分利用的方法。本研究展示了在利兹和利物浦运河进行的实际测试结果，该测试将433兆赫射频与领结天线结合用于原水下的水下通信，在1.2千比特每秒的速率下实现了7米的传输距离，在25千比特每秒的速率下实现了5米的传输距离。
