Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 17;11(4):865. doi: 10.3390/nu11040865.
The purpose of this paper was to determine the effect of replacing breakfast with a high-fat drink on fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), percent body fat (%BF), visceral fat (VAT), resting metabolic rate (RMR), fuel utilization (RER), blood lipids and satiety in overweight and obese adults. Healthy adults ( = 42; 21 Females; body mass index (BMI): 32.8 ± 4.6 kg·m) were randomized to control (CON; = 21) or meal replacement (MRP; = 22) groups. Body composition was measured using a four-compartment model; RMR and RER were assessed from indirect calorimetry. The MRP (70% fat) was consumed once daily for eight weeks. For males, there was no change ( > 0.05) in FM (mean difference (MD) = 0.41 ± 1.19 kg], %BF MD = 0.50 ± 1.09%, LM MD = -0.64 ± 1.79 kg, or VAT MD = -0.31 ± 1.36 cm for MRP versus CON. Similarly, no differences for females for FM MD = -0.73 ± 1.37 kg, %BF MD = -0.57 ± 1.26%, LM MD = 0.31 ± 1.37 kg, or VAT MD: -0.83 ± 1.2 cm. HDL was significantly reduced in the MRP group for females (adjusted mean change: -6.41 ± 4.44 units, = 0.018). There was no effect on RMR or RER. Satiety increased in the afternoon for MRP ( = 0.021). Despite high fat, no negative impact on lipids resulted; increased satiety may be beneficial for controlling afternoon cravings, but does not affect body composition.
本文旨在探讨用高脂肪饮料替代早餐对超重和肥胖成年人的体脂肪量（FM）、瘦体重（LM）、体脂百分比（%BF）、内脏脂肪（VAT）、静息代谢率（RMR）、燃料利用（RER）、血脂和饱腹感的影响。将健康成年人（n = 42；女性 21 人；体重指数（BMI）：32.8 ± 4.6 kg·m）随机分为对照组（CON；n = 21）或代餐组（MRP；n = 22）。采用四室模型测量身体成分；通过间接测热法评估 RMR 和 RER。MRP（70%脂肪）每天摄入一次，持续八周。对于男性，与 CON 相比，FM（平均差异（MD）= 0.41 ± 1.19 kg）、%BF MD = 0.50 ± 1.09%、LM MD = -0.64 ± 1.79 kg 或 VAT MD = -0.31 ± 1.36 cm 无变化（> 0.05）。同样，女性 FM MD = -0.73 ± 1.37 kg、%BF MD = -0.57 ± 1.26%、LM MD = 0.31 ± 1.37 kg 或 VAT MD：-0.83 ± 1.2 cm 也无差异。女性的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）在 MRP 组中显著降低（调整平均变化：-6.41 ± 4.44 单位，= 0.018）。RMR 或 RER 无影响。MRP 组下午的饱腹感增加（= 0.021）。尽管脂肪含量高，但对血脂没有负面影响；增加饱腹感可能有助于控制下午的食欲，但不会影响身体成分。
