Stewart Amy Stieler, Pratt-Phillips Shannon, Gonzalez Liara M
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2017 May;52:10-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
All species, including horses, suffer from alterations that increase intestinal permeability. These alterations, also known as "leaky gut," may lead to severe disease as the normal intestinal barrier becomes compromised and can no longer protect against harmful luminal contents including microbial toxins and pathogens. Leaky gut results from a variety of conditions including physical stressors, decreased blood flow to the intestine, inflammatory disease, and pathogenic infections, among others. Several testing methods exist to diagnose these alterations in both a clinical and research setting. To date, most research has focused on regulation of the host immune response due to the wide variety of factors that can potentially influence the intestinal barrier. This article serves to review the normal intestinal barrier, measurement of barrier permeability, pathogenesis and main causes of altered permeability, and highlight potential alternative therapies of leaky gut in horses while relating what has been studied in other species. Conditions resulting in barrier dysfunction and leaky gut can be a major cause of decreased performance and also death in horses. A better understanding of the intestinal barrier in disease and ways to optimize the function of this barrier is vital to the long-term health and maintenance of these animals.
所有物种，包括马，都会出现增加肠道通透性的改变。这些改变，也被称为“肠漏”，可能会导致严重疾病，因为正常的肠道屏障受到损害，无法再抵御包括微生物毒素和病原体在内的有害肠腔内容物。肠漏由多种情况引起，包括身体应激源、肠道血流量减少、炎症性疾病和致病性感染等。在临床和研究环境中，有几种检测方法可用于诊断这些改变。迄今为止，由于多种因素可能潜在影响肠道屏障，大多数研究都集中在宿主免疫反应的调节上。本文旨在综述正常的肠道屏障、屏障通透性的测量、通透性改变的发病机制和主要原因，并强调马属动物肠漏的潜在替代疗法，同时阐述在其他物种中所做的相关研究。导致屏障功能障碍和肠漏的情况可能是马匹性能下降甚至死亡的主要原因。更好地了解疾病中的肠道屏障以及优化该屏障功能的方法对于这些动物的长期健康和维持至关重要。
