Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2019 Aug;226(4):e13282. doi: 10.1111/apha.13282. Epub 2019 May 22.
Despite the substantial knowledge accumulated by past research, the exact mechanisms of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and causal treatments still remain unclear. Deficits of cognition and information processing in schizophrenia are today often viewed as the primary and core symptoms of this devastating disorder. These deficits likely result from disruptions in the coordination of neuronal and neural activity. The aim of this review is to bring together convergent evidence of discoordinated brain circuits in schizophrenia at multiple levels of resolution, ranging from principal cells and interneurons, neuronal ensembles and local circuits, to large-scale brain networks. We show how these aberrations could underlie deficits in cognitive control and other higher order cognitive-behavioural functions. Converging evidence from both animal models and patients with schizophrenia is presented in an effort to gain insight into common features of deficits in the brain information processing in this disorder, marked by disruption of several neurotransmitter and signalling systems and severe behavioural outcomes.
尽管过去的研究积累了大量知识，但精神分裂症的发病机制和因果治疗的确切机制仍不清楚。精神分裂症的认知和信息处理缺陷如今通常被视为这种破坏性疾病的主要和核心症状。这些缺陷可能是由于神经元和神经活动的协调紊乱造成的。本篇综述的目的是汇集在多个分辨率水平上，从主要细胞和中间神经元、神经元集合和局部回路到大规模脑网络，精神分裂症中不协调的脑回路的汇聚证据。我们展示了这些异常是如何导致认知控制和其他高级认知行为功能缺陷的。本文从动物模型和精神分裂症患者两方面提供了一致的证据，努力深入了解该疾病中大脑信息处理缺陷的共同特征，这些缺陷的特点是破坏了几种神经递质和信号系统，并导致严重的行为后果。
