Faculty of Forest Sciences and Conservation of Nature, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Department of Ecology, Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2019 Apr 22;14(4):e0215715. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215715. eCollection 2019.
Identifying which ecosystem services are relevant to different stakeholders and understanding stakeholders' perceptions of such services is useful for making informed decisions, especially in regions of the world where the achievement of biodiversity conservation goals is threatened by economically productive activities. In this article, we assess social preferences for ecosystem services in a biodiversity hotspot in central Chile. We use a consultative case study to ask local stakeholders (n = 70) from the Campana Peñuelas Biosphere Reserve to identify the most important ecosystem services the area provides for them and inquire about the perceived vulnerability of the services to changes in the future. We also explore the association between the perceived importance of ecosystem services and the sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of the respondents, which allows us to identify contrasting stakeholder perceptions of different ecosystem services. The most important services for local actors were the drinking water, fresh air and climate change control, genetic pool of plant communities in central Chile, and educational value. From the perspective of local actors, the services that could be threatened by negative changes in the future in terms of their provision included the possibilities of developing conservation activities focused on iconic threatened animal and plant species, water regulation, food from agriculture, and drinking water. Contrasting perceptions about the importance of ecosystem services emerged among stakeholders. While small farmers and members of local organizations attributed higher importance values to provisioning services, scientists and rangers and administrators of protected areas as well as teachers, NGO members and local government employees attributed more importance to the regulating and cultural services associated with threatened species. Our results can serve as a source of information for the planning and decision-making processes related to the search for socially and ecologically sustainable solutions for land use management.
确定哪些生态系统服务与不同的利益相关者相关，了解利益相关者对这些服务的看法，对于做出明智的决策是有用的，尤其是在世界上那些经济生产活动威胁到生物多样性保护目标的地区。在本文中，我们评估了智利中部生物多样性热点地区的社会对生态系统服务的偏好。我们使用咨询案例研究的方法，询问坎帕纳佩尼亚斯生物圈保护区的 70 名当地利益相关者（n=70），了解该地区为他们提供的最重要的生态系统服务，并询问他们认为这些服务在未来面临的脆弱性。我们还探讨了感知到的生态系统服务的重要性与受访者的社会人口和文化特征之间的关系，这使我们能够识别不同生态系统服务的利益相关者的对比感知。当地行为者认为最重要的服务包括饮用水、新鲜空气和气候变化控制、智利中部植物社区的遗传库和教育价值。从当地行为者的角度来看，未来可能会因负面变化而受到威胁的服务包括开展以标志性受威胁动植物物种为重点的保护活动、水调节、农业食品和饮用水的可能性。利益相关者对生态系统服务的重要性存在对比看法。虽然小农户和当地组织的成员赋予了更多的供应服务以重要性，而科学家和护林员以及保护区的管理员以及教师、非政府组织成员和当地政府雇员则赋予了更多与受威胁物种相关的调节和文化服务以重要性。我们的研究结果可以作为与土地利用管理相关的规划和决策过程的信息来源，以寻求社会和生态可持续的解决方案。
