Laboratory of Radiation Oncology/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiation Oncology/Department of Oncology/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK.
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2019 Jul;31(7):407-415. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.04.001. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is a technology that could modify the way radiotherapy is delivered in the future. This technique involves the ultra-fast delivery of radiotherapy at dose rates several orders of magnitude higher than those currently used in routine clinical practice. This very short time of exposure leads to the striking observation of relative protection of normal tissues that are exposed to FLASH-RT as compared with conventional dose rate radiotherapy. Here we summarise the current knowledge about the FLASH effect and provide a synthesis of the observations that have been reported on various experimental animal models (mice, zebrafish, pig, cats), various organs (lung, gut, brain, skin) and by various groups across 40 years of research. We also propose possible mechanisms for the FLASH effect, as well as possible paths for clinical application.
FLASH 放疗（FLASH-RT）是一种可能改变未来放疗方式的技术。该技术涉及以比目前常规临床实践中使用的剂量率高几个数量级的速度超快速输送放疗。这种极短的照射时间导致了一个惊人的观察结果，即与常规剂量率放疗相比，暴露于 FLASH-RT 的正常组织具有相对保护作用。在这里，我们总结了目前关于 FLASH 效应的知识，并综合了 40 年来各个实验动物模型（小鼠、斑马鱼、猪、猫）、各种器官（肺、肠道、大脑、皮肤）和不同研究小组报告的观察结果。我们还提出了 FLASH 效应的可能机制，以及临床应用的可能途径。
