Assao Neino M M, Gagara Issoufou M A, Ouédraogo A R, Marcellin K A, Maizoumbou D A, Mamadou S
Centre national antituberculeux de Niamey, 4(e) B clinique médicale Lacouroussou, BP 11653, Niamey, Niger.
Service de pneumo-phtisiologie de l'Hôpital National Lamordé, Niamey, Niger.
Rev Mal Respir. 2019 May;36(5):578-582. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.07.009. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem and the main reason for hospital admission in developing countries. No study of tuberculosis has been undertaken in the pulmonary/tuberculosis service of Lamordé National Hospital in Niamey since its foundation in April 2009. The aim of our study is to assess the current situation of sputum positive new and relapsed cases of tuberculosis and to determine their epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profiles. It comprised a retrospective four-year study of the records of patients hospitalized for sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis (433 patients), both new and relapsed cases, in the pulmonary/tuberculosis service of the Lamordé National Hospital. The latter is the unique reference and management centre for lung disease for the capital of Niger. Of the 975 patients admitted to the pulmonary/tuberculosis centre 433 had sputum positive tuberculosis, both new and relapsed cases, making up 44.5% of admissions. 76.2% were male giving a sex ratio of 3.2. The mean age of the patients was 42.6 years with a range of 2-85 years. More than half of the patients (54.7%) came from the Niamey region and 68.6% were referred from there. Antecedents were tuberculosis, HIV infection and smoking in 8.3%, 6.2% and 6%, respectively. Weight loss (80.4%), productive cough (63%) and fever (68%) were the main general and functional signs identified. Sputum examination revealed the diagnosis in 99.8% of cases and 62.1% had a chest X-ray before starting treatment. Cavitation was present in 67.3% and infiltration in 46.9%. Serology for HIV was positive in 17.1%. A treatment regime was instituted in 89.6% of new cases and 10.4% of relapsed cases. The rate of recovery was 74.6% and pleurisy, which was the most common complication, developed in 5.6%. Tuberculosis constitutes the main cause of hospitalization in the pulmonary/tuberculosis service of the Lamordé National Hospital in Niamey. It is therefore necessary to educate the public and reinforce the training of health care professionals in the management of tuberculosis.
结核病是一个重大的公共卫生问题，也是发展中国家患者住院的主要原因。自尼亚美拉莫德国家医院于2009年4月成立以来，尚未对其肺部/结核病科室的结核病情况进行过研究。我们研究的目的是评估痰涂片阳性的结核病新发病例和复发病例的现状，并确定其流行病学、临床和治疗特征。该研究对拉莫德国家医院肺部/结核病科室收治的痰涂片阳性肺结核患者（433例患者，包括新发病例和复发病例）的病历进行了为期四年的回顾性研究。该科室是尼日尔首都唯一的肺病参考和管理中心。在收治到肺部/结核病中心的975例患者中，433例痰涂片阳性肺结核患者（包括新发病例和复发病例），占收治患者的44.5%。76.2%为男性，性别比为3.2。患者的平均年龄为42.6岁，年龄范围为2至85岁。超过一半的患者（54.7%）来自尼亚美地区，68.6%的患者从该地区转诊而来。既往病史分别为结核病、艾滋病毒感染和吸烟的患者占8.3%、6.2%和6%。体重减轻（80.4%）、咳痰（63%）和发热（68%）是主要的全身和功能症状。痰检确诊率为99.8%，62.1%的患者在开始治疗前进行了胸部X光检查。67.3%的患者有肺空洞，46.9%的患者有浸润。艾滋病毒血清学检测阳性率为17.1%。89.6%的新发病例和10.4%的复发病例制定了治疗方案。治愈率为74.6%，最常见的并发症胸膜炎发生率为5.6%。结核病是尼亚美拉莫德国家医院肺部/结核病科室患者住院的主要原因。因此，有必要对公众进行教育，并加强医护人员在结核病管理方面的培训。
