急性有氧运动对乳腺癌幸存者认知功能的影响：一项随机交叉试验。
Acute aerobic exercise effects on cognitive function in breast cancer survivors: a randomized crossover trial.
机构信息
Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA.
出版信息
BMC Cancer. 2019 Apr 23;19(1):371. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5589-1.
BACKGROUND
Many breast cancer survivors (BCS) report deficits in cognitive function. Physical activity (PA) has been associated with better processing speed and memory in healthy adults and thus may be a useful method for improving cognition in BCS. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an acute bout of PA on processing speed and spatial working memory in a sample of BCS.
METHODS
Using a repeated measures, crossover design, BCS [N = 27; M (SD) = 49.11(8.05)] completed two sessions in counterbalanced order: 30 min of moderate-intensity treadmill walking and 30 min of seated rest. Women completed cognitive tasks immediately before and after each session.
RESULTS
Within-subjects repeated measures analyses of variance revealed a significant time by session effect for processing speed reaction time [F (1,25) = 5.02, p = .03, η2 = 0.17]. This interaction was driven by significantly reduced reaction time (e.g., faster response) post-exercise and no change post-rest. Further between-subjects analyses indicated a significant time by session by moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) split [F (1,25) = 5.23, p = .03, η2 = 0.17], such that women who engaged in ≥45 min of average daily MVPA reduced their reaction time post-exercise (p = .01) and increased RT post-rest (p = .06). Time by session effects for spatial working memory 3-item accuracy and 4-item reaction time trended towards significance, p = 0.08 and p = 0.10, respectively, again driven by better performance post-exercise.
CONCLUSIONS
The moderate effect of acute exercise on domains of memory and processing speed in BCS is encouraging. Cancer-related cognitive impairment remains largely misunderstood; however, the results from the present study offer preliminary evidence for the positive relationship between acute exercise and cognition in BCS.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02592070 . Registered 30 October 2015. Retroactively registered.
背景
许多乳腺癌幸存者（BCS）报告认知功能缺陷。身体活动（PA）与健康成年人的处理速度和记忆改善有关，因此可能是改善 BCS 认知的有用方法。本研究的目的是在 BCS 样本中检查急性 PA 对处理速度和空间工作记忆的影响。
方法
使用重复测量、交叉设计，BCS [N=27；M（SD）=49.11（8.05）] 以平衡顺序完成两次会议：30 分钟的中强度跑步机步行和 30 分钟的坐姿休息。女性在每次会议前后立即完成认知任务。
结果
受试者内重复测量方差分析显示处理速度反应时间的时间-会议效应具有统计学意义[F（1,25）=5.02，p=0.03，η2=0.17]。这种相互作用是由运动后反应时间明显缩短（例如，更快的反应）而运动后无变化引起的。进一步的组间分析表明，时间-会议-中等至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）分割具有显著的时间-会议-效应[F（1,25）=5.23，p=0.03，η2=0.17]，即每天平均 MVPA 达到或超过 45 分钟的女性，运动后反应时间降低（p=0.01），休息后反应时间增加（p=0.06）。空间工作记忆 3 项准确性和 4 项反应时间的时间-会议效应具有统计学意义，p=0.08 和 p=0.10，这再次表明运动后表现更好。
结论
急性运动对 BCS 记忆和处理速度领域的适度影响令人鼓舞。癌症相关认知障碍仍然很大程度上被误解；然而，本研究的结果为急性运动与 BCS 认知之间的积极关系提供了初步证据。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02592070。2015 年 10 月 30 日注册。追溯注册。
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