Raman Praveena, Gayathri Ponnusamy Subramani
Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND.
Oral Medicine and Radiology, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2019 Feb 11;11(2):e4051. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4051.
Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy globally with a wide geographic variation. India is the second largest consumer and third largest producer of tobacco in the world. One-third of the global burden of oral cancer is predominantly attributed to high prevalence of tobacco consumption. The highest incidence and prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma is found in the Indian subcontinent particularly in the lower socioeconomic strata, due to an increase in the deleterious habits of potent, proven carcinogens like smoking, chewing tobacco, betel quid and areca-nut. Also, there is a delayed presentation of oral cancer in India, as approximately 50% of patients are diagnosed at stage III or IV. In this article, we report five varied presentations of well differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma from rural belt of Tamil Nadu. All the cases were reported late to diagnose. Clinical and radiological staging plays a pivotal role to stage an oral malignant patient which aids in guiding him to a proper treatment plan. Early diagnosis along with patient counselling is of vital importance for the prognosis of the patients with oral malignancies. Also, it is an utmost important duty of the health care professionals to create awareness on oral cancer especially in rural areas. For this reason, dentists play a very significant role in the early detection and prevention of oral malignancies.
口腔癌是全球第六大常见恶性肿瘤,其发病率在地域上差异很大。印度是世界上第二大烟草消费国和第三大烟草生产国。全球三分之一的口腔癌负担主要归因于烟草消费的高流行率。口腔鳞状细胞癌的发病率和患病率在印度次大陆最高,尤其是在社会经济地位较低的阶层,这是由于吸烟、咀嚼烟草、槟榔和槟榔果等强效、已证实的致癌物质的有害习惯增加所致。此外,印度口腔癌的就诊存在延迟,因为大约50%的患者在III期或IV期才被诊断出来。在本文中,我们报告了来自泰米尔纳德邦农村地区的5例高分化口腔鳞状细胞癌的不同表现。所有病例均诊断较晚。临床和放射学分期在口腔恶性肿瘤患者的分期中起着关键作用,有助于为其制定合适的治疗方案。早期诊断以及患者咨询对口腔恶性肿瘤患者的预后至关重要。此外,医疗保健专业人员,尤其是在农村地区,提高对口腔癌的认识是一项极其重要的职责。因此,牙医在口腔恶性肿瘤的早期检测和预防中发挥着非常重要的作用。