Laso-García Fernando, Diekhorst Luke, Gómez-de Frutos Mari Carmen, Otero-Ortega Laura, Fuentes Blanca, Ruiz-Ares Gerardo, Díez-Tejedor Exuperio, Gutiérrez-Fernández María
Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Front Neurol. 2019 Apr 9;10:332. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00332. eCollection 2019.
Stroke is a major health problem worldwide. It has been estimated that 90% of the population attributable risk of stroke is due to risk factors such as aging, hypertension, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity, among others. However, most animal models of stroke use predominantly healthy and young animals. These models ignore the main comorbidities associated with cerebrovascular disease, which could be one explanation for the unsuccessful bench-to-bedside translation of protective and regenerative strategies by not taking the patient's situation into account. This lack of success makes it important to incorporate comorbidities into animal models of stroke in order to study the effects of the various therapeutic strategies tested. Regarding cell therapy, the administration of stem cells in the acute and chronic phases has been shown to be safe and effective in experimental animal models of stroke. This review aims to show the results of studies with promising new therapeutic strategies such as mesenchymal stem cells, which are being tested in preclinical models of stroke associated with comorbidities and in elderly animals.
中风是全球主要的健康问题。据估计，90%的中风人群归因风险是由衰老、高血压、高血糖、糖尿病和肥胖等风险因素导致的。然而，大多数中风动物模型主要使用健康的年轻动物。这些模型忽略了与脑血管疾病相关的主要合并症，这可能是保护性和再生性策略未能成功从实验室转化到临床应用的一个原因，因为没有考虑患者的实际情况。这种缺乏成功的情况使得将合并症纳入中风动物模型以研究各种测试治疗策略的效果变得很重要。关于细胞治疗，在中风的急性和慢性阶段给予干细胞已被证明在实验性中风动物模型中是安全有效的。这篇综述旨在展示使用有前景的新治疗策略（如间充质干细胞）的研究结果，这些策略正在与合并症相关的中风临床前模型和老年动物中进行测试。
