Cohee Brian M, Koplin Stephen A, Shimeall William T, Quast Timothy M, Hartzell Joshua D
J Grad Med Educ. 2015 Mar;7(1):105-8. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-14-00315.1.
Mentorship programs are perceived as valuable, yet little is known about the effect of program design on mentoring effectiveness.
We developed a program focused on mentoring relationship quality and evaluated how subsequent relationships compared to preexisting informal pairings.
Faculty members were invited by e-mail to participate in a new mentoring program. Participants were asked to complete a biography, subsequently provided to second- and third-year internal medicine residents. Residents were instructed to contact available mentors, and ultimately designate a formal mentor. All faculty and residents were provided a half-day workshop training, written guidelines, and e-mails. Reminders were e-mailed and announced in conferences approximately monthly. Residents were surveyed at the end of the academic year.
Thirty-seven faculty members completed the biography, and 70% (26 of 37) of residents responded to the survey. Of the resident respondents, 77% (20 of 26) chose a formal mentor. Of the remainder, most had a previous informal mentor. Overall, 96% (25 of 26) of the residents had identified a mentor of some kind compared to 50% (13 of 26) before the intervention (P < .001), and 70% (14 of 20) who chose formal mentors identified them as actual mentors. Similar numbers of residents described their mentors as invested in the mentorship, and there was no statistical difference in the number of times mentors and mentees met.
Facilitated selection of formal mentors produced relationships similar to preexisting informal ones. This model may increase the prevalence of mentorship without decreasing quality.
导师指导计划被认为很有价值，但对于计划设计对指导效果的影响却知之甚少。
我们制定了一项专注于指导关系质量的计划，并评估了后续关系与先前非正式配对关系的比较情况。
通过电子邮件邀请教职员工参加一项新的导师指导计划。要求参与者填写一份个人简介，随后提供给二年级和三年级的内科住院医师。住院医师被指示联系可用的导师，并最终指定一名正式导师。所有教职员工和住院医师都参加了为期半天的工作坊培训、收到了书面指南和电子邮件。大约每月通过电子邮件发送提醒并在会议上宣布。在学年结束时对住院医师进行了调查。
37名教职员工填写了个人简介，70%（37人中的26人）的住院医师回复了调查。在回复调查的住院医师中，77%（26人中的20人）选择了正式导师。其余的人中，大多数之前有非正式导师。总体而言，96%（26人中的25人）的住院医师确定了某种类型的导师，而干预前这一比例为50%（26人中的13人）（P <.001），选择正式导师的人中70%（20人中的14人）将他们视为实际导师。相似数量的住院医师称他们的导师投入到了指导关系中，导师和学员见面的次数没有统计学差异。
促进正式导师的选择产生的关系与先前的非正式关系相似。这种模式可能会提高导师指导的普及率而不降低质量。
