Yang C M, Han Q J, Wang K L, Xu Y L, Lan J H, Cao G T
Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, The Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China.
College of Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Physiol. 2019 Apr 12;10:418. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00418. eCollection 2019.
Antibiotic resistance is a major issue in animal industries and antibiotic-free alternatives are needed to treat infectious diseases and improve performance of pigs. Plant extracts have been suggested as a potential solution. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of polysaccharides (Aps) and ginseng polysaccharide (Gps) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune function, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and microfloral community in weaned piglets. A total of 180 weaned piglets were randomly divided into three treatment groups during a 28-days feeding experiment, including a basal diet (Con), basal diet supplemented with 800 mg/kg Aps (Aps), and basal diet supplemented with 800 mg/kg Gps (Gps). Results showed that both Aps and Gps increased body weight, average daily gain and feed conversion rate, and reduced the rate of diarrhea. Gps also decreased aspartate aminotransferase compared to the Con piglets after 14 days. No significant effects on alanine aminotransferase were observed. Both Aps and Gps piglets exhibited higher serum immunoglobulin M levels after 14 and 28 days, and also decreased jejunal crypt depth, increased jejunal villus length and villus height/crypt depth ratio, and increased expression of toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88, nuclear factor-kappa B proteins in the jejunum. Aps and Gps piglets also had higher concentrations of acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and butyrate in their colon. Data of high-throughput sequencing revealed that Aps and Gps affected bacterial quantity and diversity in the colon. Species richness and evenness were higher in both Aps and Gps piglets than the control piglets. Aps and Gps piglets also had a higher relative abundance of and , and the Aps piglets had a higher relative abundance of and . Therefore, dietary supplementation with Aps and Gps could be beneficial for optimizing the performance of industry pigs and reducing dependence on antibiotics. Furthermore, Plant polysaccharides play a great role in promoting the sustainable development of animal husbandry.
抗生素耐药性是畜牧业中的一个主要问题，需要无抗生素替代品来治疗传染病并提高猪的生产性能。植物提取物被认为是一种潜在的解决方案。本研究旨在探讨多糖（Aps）和人参多糖（Gps）对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态、免疫功能、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）和微生物群落的影响。在为期28天的饲养实验中，将总共180头断奶仔猪随机分为三个处理组，包括基础日粮组（Con）、添加800 mg/kg Aps的基础日粮组（Aps）和添加800 mg/kg Gps的基础日粮组（Gps）。结果表明，Aps和Gps均增加了体重、平均日增重和饲料转化率，并降低了腹泻率。与Con组仔猪相比，14天后Gps还降低了天冬氨酸转氨酶水平。未观察到对丙氨酸转氨酶有显著影响。Aps和Gps组仔猪在14天和28天后血清免疫球蛋白M水平均较高，空肠隐窝深度降低，空肠绒毛长度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值增加，空肠中Toll样受体4、髓样分化初级反应88、核因子-κB蛋白的表达增加。Aps和Gps组仔猪结肠中乙酸、异丁酸和丁酸的浓度也较高。高通量测序数据显示，Aps和Gps影响结肠中的细菌数量和多样性。Aps和Gps组仔猪的物种丰富度和均匀度均高于对照组仔猪。Aps和Gps组仔猪的 和 的相对丰度也较高，Aps组仔猪的 和 的相对丰度较高。因此，日粮中添加Aps和Gps可能有利于优化商品猪的生产性能并减少对抗生素的依赖。此外，植物多糖在促进畜牧业可持续发展方面发挥着重要作用。
