Carattini Stefano, Carvalho Maria, Fankhauser Sam
Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Yale University New Haven Connecticut.
Grantham Research Institute and CCCEP London School of Economics and Political Science London UK.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Clim Change. 2018 Sep-Oct;9(5):e531. doi: 10.1002/wcc.531. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
Carbon taxes represent a cost-effective way to steer the economy toward a greener future. In the real world, their application has however been limited. In this paper, we address one of the main obstacles to carbon taxes: public opposition. We identify drivers of and barriers to public support, and, under the form of stylized facts, provide general lessons on the acceptability of carbon taxes. We derive our lessons from a growing literature, as well as from a combination of policy "failures" and "successes." Based on our stylized facts, we formulate a set of suggestions concerning the design of carbon taxes. We consider the use of trial periods, tax escalators, environmental earmarking, lump-sum transfers, tax rebates, and advanced communication strategies, among others. This paper contributes to the policy debate about carbon taxes, hopefully leading to more success stories and fewer policy failures. This article is categorized under: Climate Economics > Economics of Mitigation.
碳税是引导经济走向更绿色未来的一种具有成本效益的方式。然而在现实世界中，其应用却受到限制。在本文中，我们探讨碳税的主要障碍之一：公众反对。我们确定了公众支持的驱动因素和障碍，并以典型事实的形式提供了关于碳税可接受性的一般经验教训。我们从不断增加的文献以及政策“失败”与“成功”的结合中汲取经验教训。基于我们的典型事实，我们就碳税的设计提出了一系列建议。我们考虑使用试行期、税收自动递增机制、环境专项拨款、一次性转移支付、税收返还以及先进的沟通策略等。本文为有关碳税的政策辩论做出了贡献，有望带来更多成功案例，减少政策失败。本文分类如下：气候经济学>减缓经济学。
