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多数人支持全球再分配政策和气候政策。

Majority support for global redistributive and climate policies.

作者信息

Fabre Adrien, Douenne Thomas, Mattauch Linus

机构信息

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.

Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement, Paris, France.

出版信息

Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Aug;9(8):1583-1594. doi: 10.1038/s41562-025-02175-9. Epub 2025 Jun 5.

Abstract

We document majority support for policies entailing global redistribution and climate mitigation. Surveys on 40,680 respondents in 20 countries show strong majority support for a global carbon price funding equal cash transfers, called the Global Climate Scheme (GCS). Through our surveys on 8,000 respondents in the USA, France, Germany, Spain and the UK, we test several hypotheses that could reconcile strong stated support with scarce occurrences in public debates. Three quarters of Europeans and half of Americans support the GCS, even as they understand its cost to them. Using several experiments, we show that the support for the GCS is sincere and that political programmes that include it are preferred to programmes that do not. We document widespread support for other globally redistributive policies, such as increased foreign aid or a wealth tax funding low-income countries. In sum, global policies are genuinely supported by majorities, even in wealthy, contributing countries.

摘要

我们记录了对涉及全球再分配和气候缓解政策的多数支持。对20个国家的40680名受访者进行的调查显示,绝大多数人强烈支持一项名为全球气候计划(GCS)的全球碳价资助等额现金转移政策。通过对美国、法国、德国、西班牙和英国的8000名受访者进行的调查,我们检验了几个假设,这些假设可以调和公众辩论中强烈的口头支持与稀缺的实际行动之间的矛盾。即使欧洲人理解全球气候计划对他们的成本,四分之三的欧洲人和一半的美国人仍支持该计划。通过几个实验,我们表明对全球气候计划的支持是真诚的,并且包含该计划的政治方案比不包含该计划的方案更受青睐。我们记录了对其他全球再分配政策的广泛支持,例如增加对外援助或征收财富税以资助低收入国家。总之,即使在富裕的贡献国,全球政策也得到了多数人的真正支持。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5742/12367524/11d46cfd5fdb/41562_2025_2175_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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