Department of Psychology.
Psychol Trauma. 2019 Oct;11(7):685-694. doi: 10.1037/tra0000467. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
Gendered racial microaggression (GRM) experienced by Black women living with HIV (BWLWH) is a potentially important variable for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in this population. GRM refers to everyday insults experienced by Black women on the basis of being both Black and female (e.g., comments about Black women's hair and body). We investigated the associations between GRM, race- and HIV-related discrimination, and trauma symptoms among BWLWH and explored whether gendered racial microaggressions contributed uniquely to trauma symptoms above the contribution of race- and HIV-related discrimination.
One-hundred BWLWH in the U.S. completed baseline measures on GRM (frequency and appraisal), racial discrimination, HIV-related discrimination, PTSD symptoms, and posttraumatic cognitions.
Hierarchical multiple linear regressions controlling for age, education, and income indicated that higher GRM and HIV-related discrimination predicted higher total PTSD symptoms, and higher GRM and racial discrimination predicted higher posttraumatic cognitions. Hierarchical multiple linear regressions with all predictors entered together revealed that only GRM contributed uniquely to both total PTSD symptoms and total posttraumatic cognitions. Analyses between GRM subscales and subscales of PTSD symptoms and posttraumatic cognitions indicated that GRM about beauty/sexual objectification and the strong Black women stereotype contributed uniquely and in interesting ways to PTSD symptoms and posttraumatic cognitions.
Our findings highlight the importance of addressing intersectional adversities such as GRM for BWLWH, as well as recognizing the role that GRM may play in mental health symptoms for Black women. Future research and intervention efforts aimed at improving the well-being of BWLWH should address GRM. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
对于感染艾滋病毒的黑人女性（BWLWH）来说，经历性别种族微侵犯（GRM）可能是影响创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的一个重要变量。GRM 是指黑人女性因同时具有黑人和女性身份而遭受的日常侮辱（例如，对黑人女性的头发和身体的评论）。我们调查了 GRM、种族和 HIV 相关歧视与 BWLWH 创伤症状之间的关联，并探讨了性别种族微侵犯是否在种族和 HIV 相关歧视的贡献之外，对创伤症状有独特的贡献。
美国的 100 名 BWLWH 完成了关于 GRM（频率和评价）、种族歧视、HIV 相关歧视、创伤后应激障碍症状和创伤后认知的基线测量。
控制年龄、教育程度和收入的层次多重线性回归表明，GRM 和 HIV 相关歧视越高，PTSD 症状总分越高，GRM 和种族歧视越高，创伤后认知越高。将所有预测因子一起纳入的层次多重线性回归表明，只有 GRM 对 PTSD 症状总分和创伤后认知总分有独特的贡献。GRM 子量表与 PTSD 症状和创伤后认知子量表之间的分析表明，关于美丽/性对象化和坚强的黑人女性刻板印象的 GRM 以有趣的方式独特地贡献于 PTSD 症状和创伤后认知。
我们的研究结果强调了关注 BWLWH 等交叉性逆境的重要性，以及认识到 GRM 在黑人女性心理健康症状中的作用。旨在改善 BWLWH 福祉的未来研究和干预工作应解决 GRM 问题。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
