Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Miami, FL, 33146, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2022 Jun;9(3):748-755. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01009-4. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
Black women represent the majority of women living with HIV in the USA and their risk for suicide may be linked to the impact of psychosocial stressors experienced at the intersection of race and gender such as gendered racial microaggressions (GRMS) and silencing the self (to maintain harmony). However, little research has been done on the relationship between microaggressions, self-silencing, and suicidality among BWLWH. As part of an intervention development study, 119 BWLWH in the Southeastern USA completed a baseline assessment consisting of a clinical interview (e.g., Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview) to assess suicidality, the gendered-racial microaggressions scale (GRMS), and the Silencing the Self-Scale. Multivariate linear regression analyses controlling for age and education indicated that higher microaggression appraisal scores on the GRMS scale (β = 2.80, p < .01) was associated with current suicidality and higher self-silencing was associated with current suicidality (β = 1.05, p < .01) and lifetime suicidality (β = 1.03, p < .01). Additional analyses that included major depression indicated that self-silencing uniquely contributed to suicidality above and beyond depression. Our findings support the importance of understanding how gender and race specific factors may relate to suicidality. Future research is needed to examine potential moderating factors (e.g., coping strategies) that may be enhanced through interventions and structural changes are needed to decrease acts of microaggressions.
美国的艾滋病毒感染者中，黑人女性占大多数，她们的自杀风险可能与种族和性别交叉点上的心理社会压力源有关，例如性别种族微侵犯（GRMS）和自我沉默（以维持和谐）。然而，针对 BWLWH 中的微侵犯、自我沉默和自杀倾向之间的关系，研究甚少。作为干预措施发展研究的一部分，美国东南部的 119 名 BWLWH 完成了基线评估，其中包括临床访谈（例如，迷你国际神经精神病学访谈），以评估自杀倾向、性别种族微侵犯量表（GRMS）和自我沉默量表。控制年龄和教育的多元线性回归分析表明，GRMS 量表上的微侵犯评估得分较高（β=2.80，p<.01）与当前自杀倾向有关，而较高的自我沉默与当前自杀倾向（β=1.05，p<.01）和终生自杀倾向（β=1.03，p<.01）有关。包括重度抑郁症在内的进一步分析表明，自我沉默除了抑郁之外，对自杀倾向的贡献是独特的。我们的研究结果支持了理解性别和种族特定因素如何与自杀倾向相关的重要性。未来的研究需要检查可能通过干预措施增强的潜在调节因素（例如应对策略），并需要进行结构改革以减少微侵犯行为。
