Urbani Maxence, de la Torre Gema, Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja, Torres Tomás
Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1950 Sion, Switzerland.
Chem Soc Rev. 2019 May 21;48(10):2738-2766. doi: 10.1039/c9cs00059c. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
Organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite absorbers in combination with electron and hole transporting selective contacts result in power conversion efficiencies of over 23% under AM 1.5 sun conditions. The advantage of perovskite solar cells is their simple fabrication through solution-processing methods either in n-i-p or p-i-n configurations. Using TiO or SnO as an electron transporting layer, a compositionally engineered perovskite as an absorber layer, and Spiro-OMeTAD as a HTM, several groups have reported over 20% efficiency. Though perovskite solar cells reached comparable efficiency to that of crystalline silicon ones, their stability remains a bottleneck for commercialization partly due to the use of doped Spiro-OMeTAD. Several organic and inorganic hole transporting materials have been explored to increase the stability and power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. IIn this review, we analyse the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells incorporating phthalocyanine and porphyrin macrocycles as hole- and electron transporting materials. The π-π stacking orientation of these macrocycles on the perovskite surface is important in facilitating a vertical charge transport, resulting in high power conversion efficiency.
有机-无机卤化铅钙钛矿吸收层与电子和空穴传输选择性接触层相结合，在AM 1.5太阳光照条件下可实现超过23%的功率转换效率。钙钛矿太阳能电池的优势在于，通过溶液处理方法以n-i-p或p-i-n结构进行简单制造。使用TiO或SnO作为电子传输层、经过成分设计的钙钛矿作为吸收层以及Spiro-OMeTAD作为空穴传输材料，多个研究小组报告了超过20%的效率。尽管钙钛矿太阳能电池已达到与晶体硅太阳能电池相当的效率，但其稳定性仍然是商业化的瓶颈，部分原因是使用了掺杂的Spiro-OMeTAD。人们已经探索了几种有机和无机空穴传输材料，以提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的稳定性和功率转换效率。在本综述中，我们分析了将酞菁和卟啉大环作为空穴和电子传输材料的钙钛矿太阳能电池的稳定性和效率。这些大环在钙钛矿表面的π-π堆积取向对于促进垂直电荷传输很重要，从而实现高功率转换效率。
