Thakur Monika, Kaur Maninder, Sinha Anil Kishore
Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
Anthropol Anz. 2019 Oct 30;76(4):293-304. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2019/0940.
Menopause is a universal physiological process of women's midlife exhibiting a wide variety of symptoms in a different population. Limited studies have examined the association of menopause symptoms with respect to body mass index (BMI) and osteoporosis among rural Indian women. The aim of the present cross-sectional study is an attempt to assess the association of menopause symptoms with body mass index and osteoporosis among rural women of Kanpur, North India. A total sample of 351 women ranging in age between 35 to 55 years was randomly selected from six villages of Kanpur (North India). Menopausal symptoms were measured by using the Greene Climacteric scale. T-score of each subject was gauged from the calcaneus by employing ultrasound based bone densitometer. In anthropometric measurements, height and weight were taken and body mass index (BMI = weight/height kg/m) was calculated. The results indicated that women with psychological (20.8 vs 19.8, < 0.05), anxiety (21.0 vs 19.5, < 0.01), and vasomotor (21.6 vs 20.0, < 0.001) symptoms had a significantly higher mean value of body mass index than their asymptomatic counterparts. The mean value of T scores in the women with psychological (-2.36 vs -1.97, < 0.05), anxiety (-2.36 vs -2.09, p < 0.05), depression (-2.38 vs -1.97, < 0.01), somatic (-2.45 vs -1.86, < 0.001), vasomotor (-2.49 vs -2.15, < 0.01) and loss of interest in sex (-2.43 vs -1.76, < 0.001) symptoms was significantly lower than their counterparts with no symptoms. Binary logistic regression analysis confirmed that women with menopausal symptoms had a two-fold higher risk of developing osteoporosis than asymptomatic women. A positive and significant correlation of body mass index was noted with psychological, anxiety and vasomotor symptoms, whereas T-score had a significant association with all the menopausal symptoms.
更年期是女性中年时期普遍经历的生理过程，在不同人群中会表现出各种各样的症状。针对印度农村女性，研究更年期症状与体重指数（BMI）及骨质疏松症之间关联的研究较少。本横断面研究旨在评估印度北部坎普尔农村女性更年期症状与体重指数及骨质疏松症之间的关联。从坎普尔（印度北部）的六个村庄随机选取了351名年龄在35至55岁之间的女性作为总样本。采用格林更年期量表测量更年期症状。通过使用基于超声的骨密度仪测量每个受试者跟骨的T值。在人体测量中，测量身高和体重并计算体重指数（BMI = 体重/身高²，单位：kg/m²）。结果表明，有心理症状（20.8 vs 19.8，P < 0.05）、焦虑症状（21.0 vs 19.5，P < 0.01）和血管舒缩症状（21.6 vs 20.0，P < 0.001）的女性，其体重指数的平均值显著高于无症状的女性。有心理症状（-2.36 vs -1.97，P < 0.05）、焦虑症状（-2.36 vs -2.09，P < 0.05）、抑郁症状（-2.38 vs -1.97，P < 0.01）、躯体症状（-2.45 vs -1.86，P < 0.001）、血管舒缩症状（-2.49 vs -2.15，P < 0.01）和性欲减退症状（-2.43 vs -1.76，P < 0.001）的女性，其T值的平均值显著低于无症状的女性。二元逻辑回归分析证实，有更年期症状的女性患骨质疏松症的风险是无症状女性的两倍。体重指数与心理、焦虑和血管舒缩症状呈正相关且具有显著性，而T值与所有更年期症状均有显著关联。
